Talking about Digital Image (3) Digital Camera
We are a big printing company in Shenzhen China . We offer all book publications, hardcover book printing, papercover book printing, hardcover notebook, sprial book printing, saddle stiching book printing, booklet printing,packaging box, calendars, all kinds of PVC, product brochures, notes, Children's book, stickers, all kinds of special paper color printing products, game cardand so on.
For more information please visit
http://www.joyful-printing.com. ENG only
http://www.joyful-printing.net
http://www.joyful-printing.org
email: info@joyful-printing.net
Introduction
Digital cameras have appeared in the mass consumer market for about six years. From the initial few brands such as Apple, Sony, and Kodak (excluding professional digital cameras), I believe that there are more than one hundred brands (the author has no official statistics). Some brands are completely strange to the author. Almost all phase mechanism companies have launched digital cameras, and even the famous factories Hasselblad and Rollei have also launched digital cameras! Not only camera manufacturers produce digital cameras, but also computer companies such as IBM and HP.
I often visit the audio-visual and computer products shopping malls. I remember that a digital camera appeared in a large audio-visual and electronic product chain in the UK in the 1990s. In the following years, more digital camera products appeared gradually; but in the last two years, digital cameras The products are especially numerous. In addition to Japan and Europe and the United States, there have recently been digital cameras from Taiwan brands such as Mustek.
Digital Camera Vs Traditional Camera The biggest difference between a digital camera and a conventional camera is that the former uses an electronic photosensitive crystal (usually a color filter CCD) to digitally record images, while the latter uses an exposure film to record images. The quality of the digital camera is much worse than it is now. The color is not beautiful, the resolution is low (only less than 150,000 pixels), the function is small, and the price is more than five times that of the traditional camera. The society will improve. Now the quality and price of digital cameras have been greatly improved, and the functions are very many. Some good functions are not available in traditional cameras. For example, after taking a picture, you can watch it on the back of the LCD. Photo, instant know if the shooting is ideal. The table below compares the differences between the two:
In general, it can be said that the quality of photographs taken by conventional cameras is higher than that of digital cameras. But in some cases, such as the darker environment, the digital camera can adjust the speed to get a clear picture, which is better than the traditional camera.
The structure and principle of digital cameras Digital cameras and traditional cameras look very similar, but the former can be smaller. As for the structure, the two are also very similar. The digital camera lens is not a film, but a square electronic photosensitive crystal, only half an inch to one inch long, containing hundreds of thousands to millions of small crystals, each small crystal represents One or two pixels (depending on the scanning technique). The basic structure of a digital camera is as follows:
Lens - The lens of a general civilian digital camera is not detachable from the body, but most of them can be added to the lens to increase the Zoom effect.
Aperture - Like traditional cameras, the goal is to control the amount of light entering the depth and depth of field. The aperture size represents the luminosity, represented by f numbers (for example, f2.8). The smaller the number, the larger the aperture, and the larger the number, the opposite.
Shutter - Like a conventional camera, it is a shutter that controls the exposure time. If the exposure is too long, the color of the photo will be white or light; if the exposure is insufficient, the photo will be gray.
Optical Zoom - equals the traditional camera mechanical Zoom mode, the lens movement in the lens zooms in or out of the scene, this mechanical Zoom design lens is more expensive to manufacture than the fixed lens. This feature is not available for every digital camera.
Digital Zoom - Uses software to enlarge the scene, but unlike the optical Zoom, it keeps the scene looking. This feature is not available for every digital camera.
CCD Photosensitive Crystals - The vast majority of digital cameras (including professional cameras) use CCD as a tool for capturing images, which has the same purpose as shooting images with conventional cameras. A CCD photosensitive crystal is just one area of a normal card. There are hundreds of thousands to millions of small crystals in it. The number of small crystals is small, which means that the resolution is small. I will explain the electronic photoreceptor in the next issue.
LCD Viewfinder - Almost (if not all) all civilian digital cameras have a 1.8" or 2" LCD viewfinder (the LCD was introduced in the previous issue), mostly on the back of the machine. It represents the outside of the viewing range, and it can also replay the photos taken and the quality of the viewing. It is very useful.
Flashing lights - Almost all digital cameras have a built-in flashing light, which also has a large effect, which can compensate for the lack of ambient light. There are generally several flash mode options, such as forced flash or no flash, providing great flexibility.
Storage media - Photos are stored digitally in memory. Popular storage media are Compact Flash®, SmartMedia® and Memory.
Stick. The initial design is built-in memory (RAM), and the camera has no space to add memory. But nowadays the popular design is mobile memory, which can increase the memory at any time and provide great flexibility.
Video output
——Divided into NTSC and PAL video output, some models support both modes and even output sound to TV. Not all digital cameras have this feature (see Figure 1).
Data Transfer - The method of uploading or downloading video data to a computer by a digital camera is usually via serial or com. The newer method is to use the USB cable. The advantage is that it is much faster than the former, and it is plug and play. In addition to connecting TVs and computers, some can be connected to the printer for direct output.
How to choose a digital camera
The decision to choose a digital camera is very personal. Depending on the purpose and needs of the user, the author can only provide the precautions for the general purchase of a digital camera (the first few are particularly important):
– Resolution - The higher the resolution, the smaller the digital photo particles, the finer and clearer the photo; on the contrary, the larger the particles, the easier it is to perceive a pixel.
– Lens – It is better to have an optical zoom lens to zoom in or out, and the close-up function can also be considered. The quality of the lenses is very important, and the quality of the famous manufacturers is better, such as Zeiss, Yikang and Olympus.
– Memory – is a fixed or active memory that converts new memory and provides greater flexibility.
– Flashing lights – As a general consumer, a built-in flashing light is required, and whether the camera can be externally flashed at the same time depends on individual needs. It is also worth considering that the camera can have multiple flash modes.
– Video output – It can be used for entertainment or work, and it is also a feature worth considering.
– Speed - Whether the camera provides a variety of speed adjustments, because the high speed still works in low light and still achieves clear results. Such as the sensing range is ISO100 to 400 or higher is a very good function.
– White balance – Generally there are automatic white balance and self-set white balance (sunny, cloudy, indoor white light tube, black light setting, etc.).
– Exposure Compensation - A variety of exposure modes are available, such as aperture priority, quick time priority, and more.
– Red-eye reduction – this feature is generally available.
– continuous snapshot
Depending on whether the individual needs continuous snapshot function, if the continuous shooting speed is fast, the microprocessor inside the camera is high. For example, the speed of taking a photo in one second is already very good.
– Transmission interface – General digital cameras use com, serial or USB cable, so you must consider whether or not to match your computer. If the interface does not work, it is also a way to transfer photos indirectly using a card reader.
– Appearance and operation – Whether the camera's size, shape and buttons are easy to grasp and operate.
– Software – Whether the software that drives the camera is easy to operate, and whether there is a copy of the software.
Future development
I have found that more and more digital cameras can simultaneously shoot animations, such as Sony's recently launched Cybershot DSC-F55E (see Figure 9) and Cybershot DSC-F505, both of which can capture 2 megapixel still photos. Record a few minutes of animation and sound (take 16MB memory as an example). In addition, the resolution of the recently launched digital camera products is becoming more and more powerful, nine out of ten is more than two megapixels, and Epson PhotoPC 800 is megapixels higher (when using HyPict technology, the original CCD is two hundred CMOS). The author believes that the development of digital cameras is inseparable from the following points:
(1) Resolution - Continuous improvement, I believe that in the next year, civilian products will reach a height of 6 megapixels (the current resolution of hundreds of thousands of Hong Kong dollars professional digital).
(2) Animation function - In addition to Sony's Cybershot, I believe other manufacturers will follow this feature.
(3) Processing speed - The microprocessor and the balanced memory in the camera are continuously enhanced, which shortens the waiting time and speeds up the shooting.
(4) Lens quality - The lens quality is continuously improved and the optical zoom is enhanced. Five or more optical zooms will become mainstream.
(5) Image Memory - Memory continues to improve, such as the 340M mini hard drive introduced by IBM this year and the 256MMS memory that Xinli announced in 2001.