We talk about the environment, sustainable development, and degradable...
Then
What does “biodegradable” mean?
The official definition of Merriam-Webster is "the ability to break down into harmless products through the action of organisms (such as microbes)."
McKay Jenkins, a professor of English linguistics, journalism and environmental humanities, evaluated the state of biodegradable plastics. Jenkins explained that the term "plastic" refers to the chemical synthesis of several substances into other substances. Plastic is anything made from a variety of polymers, regardless of the formulation ingredients.
“So you can make plastics from petrochemicals (chemicals from oil and gas), but you can also make plastics from potatoes, corn and soybeans,” Jenkins said.
The main reason for prohibiting the use of plastic bags is that they usually do not break down. However, when they do, they become microscopic and destroy the food chain.
[A plastic bag] is no longer like a plastic bag, it looks like a jellyfish, and the turtles eat what they think is jellyfish. "But it's still plastic."
Microplastics are called microbeads in the cosmetics industry and are small particles of plastics. They are usually less than 5 mm and do not decay in the environment. Marine animals often eat trace amounts of plastic and think it is food.
Jenkins said: "If [plastic] does not break down, it is a problem."
According to Melanie Ezrin, a junior public policy and environmental science major, “biodegradable” means that plastics are broken down into “natural ingredients” without chemical or artificial ingredients.
Ezlin said: "(biodegradable plastics) will not destroy people's ideas." "You hear the word 'biodegradable' and then think of throwing apples into the woods."
Biodegradable plastics require a lot of heat to break down.
She said: "You really have to break them down in the industry." "If you just throw [plastic] in the backyard, most of the time will stay in [plastic]."
Compostable plastics suffer from similar problems because they also require heat to break down. These plastics need to be heated to at least 120 degrees to melt. Some people have composting machines in the backyard, but many models cannot reach such high temperatures.
Jenkins knows a composter. He is good at burning food, but the "compostable plastic" he throws in has been there for many years. He believes it will eventually decay, but he agrees with Ezrin's assessment.
Wilmington used to have a composting facility but was shut down because he didn't know how to manage it and its smell. Now, the location of this facility is located in Pennsylvania, but "far away."
Researchers at the University of Plymouth in the UK tested the durability of several plastic shopping bags. Exposing the "biodegradable" bags to the environment for about three years, they found the bags intact and still filled with groceries. According to Ezlin, there is no immediate biodegradation in nature. Even a piece of fruit may take more than a year to break down.
Ezlin said: "When people sell a biodegradable product, it means it has industrial production capacity."
In a lawsuit in 2009, Kmart was one of the three companies prosecuted by the Federal Trade Commission for false advertising. Kmart claims that its disposable plate brand is biodegradable, but no scientific studies can prove it.
Jenkins said: "There is a term called 'green cleaning'." "[Green cleaning] is when you put something on the label to make people think it is good for the environment, and not so."
Kmart's lawsuit is a perfect example of a green cleaning problem. However, this does not apply when the company says that the product is a “natural” product. They do not violate the law because the term has no legal definition and is basically meaningless. However, Jenkins continues to explain that the use of the word "organic" is illegal.
Now, there are a variety of experimental products on the market that can help solve plastic problems. The Coca-Cola Company introduced the PlantBottle, a plastic bottle made of plant material. Although Coca-Cola said PlantBottle helped reduce emissions by 315 tons of carbon dioxide, the problem remains that even if the bottles break down into factory-produced products, they are still plastic.
The London-based company Skipping Rocks Lab has developed a model called Ooho! The product is a spherical "edible water bottle" made of calcium chloride and brown algae. Damn! There are still some issues that need to be addressed. According to its co-founder Rodrigo Gonzalez, it tastes light and feels like a breast implant or jellyfish.
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