The need to achieve color management
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First, the current problems in printed products
When I saw advertising companies, graphic design companies, and printed units, plate-making, and printed products, I was greatly inspired. There are many problems with these products: (by color)
1. White field loss (refers to the highlight area of the image)
2. Black field imbalance (meaning dark tone does not reach saturation)
3. Neutral gray color cast
4. Basic color is not bright
5. Contrast hard and uncoordinated
6. Poor clarity
7. Skin color (mainly character faces) is flat, unclear, no level, no texture.
8. Overall picture; every page, whole, unbalanced
9. It causes trouble when printed.
Watching these products, propaganda, and samples gives people a very uncomfortable feeling; that is, without the attractiveness of the color of the picture, you can understand the content of the propaganda, play a role in inspiring the jade, and not retain the value of the collection. Some insiders and experts call these products "junk."
Second, the quality of color printed products is not good
1. Character structure analysis
I learned from the talent recruitment fair and the personnel information; the advertising company and the graphic design company are all recruited from the junior college, the big one has two years of practical work and experience, and can master 1-2 kinds of software; pagemaker6.0 6.5 , Photoshop, can be hired.
Among these talents are the Department of Decoration Design, the Department of Arts and Crafts, the Department of Fashion Design, the Department of Imagery, the Department of Computer Science, the Department of Printing Machinery, and the Department of Printing Process Management.
Although they can master several kinds of software and be able to operate skillfully, they don't know much about the pre-press and printed content. They haven't worked hard through practical work, and it is very difficult to make good products.
2. I don't know much about how to implement color management in the printing process from theory to actual production.
In theory: we don't want to revisit: the concept of ICC, RGB, CMYK, CIELAB, HSB, and the application and technology in prepress are not properly mastered.
ICC: International Color Council
RGB: color light method 25, 58, 14, television, computer, display directory
C, M, Y, K; color material subtractive method; pure cyan, product, yellow beam material combination can absorb all light and produce black, called the principle of color reduction, but in fact due to the purity of the dye, the three primary colors The dark gray formed must be black with a dye to produce true black.
CIE·CAB; is a color space that is internationally standardized and can be matched with the color vision of the human eye. It is a technological breakthrough for use in reproduction.
CIE is a committee: (International Commission on Illumination)
LAB is the color reference system: L is the meaning of brightness; A and B are the coordinates of the color data.
CIEAL is a global standard system that makes it easier for designers, duplication centers and printing companies to communicate in color.
When applying CIECAB to a replication system, the three basic elements of color, brightness, chromaticity, and hue (LCH), can also be adjusted and changed.
The brightness axis (L) in the figure is moving in the vertical direction, and the color can show the process of color chip breaking from top to bottom.
(C) Chromaticity axis; extending outward from the center. It crosses the cross section of the color space to show the chromaticity (the degree of color) if it is incremented from the middle in each color fragment. All colors close to the center axis are gray and saturated at the periphery.
(H) Hue; the movement of the center point around the CIECAB color space causes a change in hue (H), and the structure of the hue ring is compatible with the complementary color model. The positions of red and green are opposite, and yellow is opposite to blue.
Observation diagram:
Use LCH to change the width of the color (using a curve).
Use LCH to change the color tone (using the color development system).
Use LCH to change the chromaticity of the color (adjust the chromaticity system).
3. Use of equipment
The business strategy of most advertising companies and graphic design companies is that it is impossible to invest too much money to purchase high-end electric extensions. If you scan hundreds of copies per shift to thousands of originals, you can recover the cost in a few years. In addition, from the perspective of advertising and graphic design companies, there will not be such a large amount of resources.
Whenever the advertising graphic design company receives the high quality products from customers, it will get the high-end electric extension manufacturers to scan, only scan, not make. Only use the magnification and dpi values and save them to the hard disk. At present, each unit in Beijing is one yuan (7 and 8 corners in Shenzhen and other places). And pick the best electric extension, Lennon-Haier 3900, 3400, DS-7060P and so on. I once saw in the foreign language printing factory that Jia Liansheng used the Liannuo-Haier 3900 electric extension (which is the most high-end electric extension) introduced in 1998, and only scanned more than one thousand copies of the original.
Advertising and graphic design companies only purchase a few thousand to tens of thousands of flat-panel scanners for scanning and manufacturing of general products. Platform scanners are easy to operate. No electrical extensions and high-end platform scanners are required. Engineers must conduct After professional training, you can master the operation. This gives the manufactured products, which invisibly represent many problems, to the nine defects I mentioned above. There is no color quality control quality means from theory to actual work, let alone the implementation of color management work into the work.
Third, why do you need a color management system?
With the pre-press, printing high-tech, the era of desktop publishing; high-resolution scanners, digital cameras, digital color proofing machines, digital color printing machines, CTP direct scanners, Heidelberg, Manroland four colors Color printing machine for various digital window applications.
Through network transmission, CIP3 and CIP4 achieve stable quality with uniform format and interface according to international standards.
This requires more emphasis on the quality control of image color in desktop publishing, which is also the most critical topic we discussed.
It is not easy to make the scanning of the original and the final printing basically the same, because there are many variables in the whole image reproduction process;
1. Different scanners scan the same original and get different image data.
2. A variety of different displays will have different performances for the same image.
3. The display and the printing ink have different color expression capabilities, so that they can't do what they see.
4. Different application software replaces the R, G, and B data pairs with C, M, Y, and K.
5. Different papers and inks are used for printing, and the printed materials are different, and so on.
There must be a very sophisticated, truly practical color management system to properly address these issues.