Printing with special inks
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First, Preface
Printing ink is a kind of printing equipment used to form a variety of images on a substrate. The simple printing machine of the stencil printing type is a printing machine with a large number of rollers, such as offset printing. The printing ink must have a corresponding printing ink. Printability of various presses. Special inks have been added to this rank to further meet the five senses of human beings, so that it has the function of increasing the added value of printed matter, which is called "additive value ink" or "functional ink".
It is well known that inks are not monomers, they are pigments or dyes, as well as extender pigments and binders, other auxiliaries, and the like. The binder is made of various resins and plasticizers and solvents. Special inks need to select materials that can function according to the above materials, sometimes specially developed, and designed to meet printability.
This article is limited by the length of the paper, can only briefly introduce the use of various special inks. As for the use of various special inks and the method of printing with it, many patent and anti-counterfeiting regulations are involved and disposed of separately.
Special ink
1. Coating water printing ink
Aquaphic, also known as wet-image printing, uses inks that are painted with a water-stained pen on the parts of the black dots and stripes printed on the black, and then appear red, blue, Yellow and other colors.
A water-soluble dye is dispersed in a base ink suitable for printing (waterless offset printing, letterpress, etc.). In the past, the letterpress and platform gravure printing was once the mainstream. Recently, there has been more waterless offset printing. I look at the two categories of "all black" and "red, yellow, and blue", which are used in young children's albums and their appendices.
(1) Points of attention during the printing process
The raw materials used are preferably papers which are easy to absorb water. Because the dye is easy to dissolve out and develop color, the picture is represented by thick dots and stripes, so it is necessary to leave more white space. The contours and patterns are printed using ordinary black ink, while the water-coated portions are black inks that are dyed with yellow, red, and blue dyes, and printed with patterns such as thick dots and stripes.
When printing with a formal printing machine, it is necessary to confirm the hue and density, etc., by using a water-impregnated stick or the like to color the print before entering the official printing. The use of waterless offset printing is not a problem of a little bit of dirty, in the case of water-based imaging printing, color development due to wetting causes very obvious dirt, so it is necessary to manage the critical soil temperature (CTT).
(2) Printing method
Usually, waterless offset printing is most suitable, but using a letterpress, the platform gravure can also be used.
2. Sublimation transfer ink
According to the heating to 200 ° C up and down will sublimate (solid → gas), using inks of this nature, used to print on the transfer paper, attached to the cloth and heated by electric iron 15-20 In seconds, you will get a colored pattern. This is called sublimation transfer. In terms of use, there is a flag for sports, a pattern printed on an apron, and the like. This type of ink is also used in the printing of the processed aluminum metal by sublimation transfer which has been rarely seen recently.
(1) Points of attention during the printing process
In order to prevent sticking during heat transfer, offset paper is preferably used as the transfer paper. Regarding the fabric for transfer, natural fibers are not available, and polyester or a blend with polyester is limited.
Because it is transferred to the cloth to become the final product, the printing of the transfer paper should use the opposite of the usual bottom plate. In addition, the color printed on the transfer paper is very different from the color printed on the cloth, because only the portion of the dye is transferred, so the proof should be transferred for confirmation.
Furthermore, the optical rotation resistance after transfer is quite strong, but the print quality before transfer is weak, so it is better to carry out the transfer operation as soon as possible after printing. When storage is required, care should be taken not to expose it. Bright spots such as daylight or fluorescent lights.
(2) Printing method
It is preferable to use offset printing or screen printing.
3. Scratch Printing Ink
By rubbing the printed matter, there will be hidden words or patterns, and there are many kinds of such prints.
(1) coin printing
It doesn't seem to be visible to the naked eye, but as long as the coin is rubbed, the text or pattern appears. The ink is a hard white pigment (titanium oxide or the like).
Attention in the printing process: Try to make the printing surface and the raw material group into a matt printing. In order to make the invisible standard, the paper is preferably matt. It is difficult to match a group, and a yellow net is added on it, or it is modified with a soft matt ink.
Insufficient inking, poor color forming, excessive inking, and difficulty in invisibility, so full ink management is required. Due to the nature of such a print, the pattern is usually simple, so it is necessary to pay attention to emulsification. Once emulsification occurs, the transferability gradually deteriorates, and as a result, the color development of the coin rub is inferior.
In any case, thorough invisibility is difficult, so it is not suitable for lottery related to high-priced products.
Printing method: Offset printing should be used.
(2) pencil printing
Although it is not as invisible as coin printing, it is also a print that is invisible to the naked eye. It can be painted or erased with a pencil.
Printing is carried out using a medium containing a matt material (microsilica, extender pigment, glass frit, etc.). Color formation depends on the amount of matt material (of course related to the ink), and the matte material content is better. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the relationship between the amount and the printability (stacking, ink drop, etc.), and to judge the general-purpose matt varnish and matt medium.
Such as the above, due to poor invisibility, this idea is most suitable for the textual activities of young children.
Pay attention to the printing process: In order to obtain sufficient color development, it is desirable to use glossy coated paper. At the same time, it is best to use dots and stripes that are a little larger than the fine dots.
Printing method: Offset printing should be used.
(3) scraping and printing
The silver ink used for concealment is removed with a coin or nail scraper, and the original hidden text and pattern are revealed. Widely used to scrape lottery tickets. The ink used is very resistant to scratches when in contact with the surface, and only the dots and lines can be removed due to the contact being rubbed, using a special resin ink.
Note in the printing process: In order to improve the hiding degree, the black surface is printed on the reverse side, and the pattern printing on the substrate should be carried out in light gray. The base pattern is offset, and a stripping varnish is applied to it (see Figure 1). At this time, the OP printing hopes to print a little larger than the silver ink in the last set. Also, when the drying of the OP is insufficient, the peeling of the silver ink may occur, so care must be taken. Compared with "oily + oily OP + silver ink", "UV + UVOP + silver ink" is less likely to cause poor peeling.
Printing method: offset printing (pattern, peeling varnish) + screen printing (printed silver)
4. Fragrance printing ink
The scented oil or the microencapsulated perfume is dispersed into the ink to impart a scent to the print. Recently, it has been used for advertisements for cosmetics such as perfumes and scented telegrams.
The method of microcapsules has a high aroma-keeping effect, but there are restrictions on the encapsulation of the perfume, so it is necessary to confirm in advance. If the flavor oil (flower, fruit, etc.) is good, the water-soluble and water-soluble ingredients (food, etc.) cannot be encapsulated.
Printing method: Although the printed matter printed by offset printing has been adopted recently, it is better to use screen printing because of poor preservation.
5. Offset conductive ink
Compared with the conductive paste used in the conductive paste and the water in the bamboo heart, the resistance value is higher, but by offset printing, the pattern imparting conductivity can be printed. According to the use of non-conductive ink and conductive pen, used to learn the printing of textbooks.
The conductive carbon black is dispersed in a binder for offset printing to form an ink. The conductive ink is usually inked, the resistance is 104Ω~105Ω, and the non-conductive ink is 1010Ω or more. This resistance value is the value of the glossy coated paper, which is higher if it is made of matt coated paper or offset paper. According to the contact pattern with the pen tip, different light and sound are emitted depending on the range of the respective resistance values, and a pen having such a function is required.
Although glossy coated paper can obtain a low resistance value, it has the disadvantage of easily recognizing the difference between conductive and non-conductive inks. As for the matt coated paper and the offset paper, it is difficult to recognize the difference between the conductive and non-conductive inks, and although it is possible to demonstrate the advantages of the present project, the specification of the conductive pen becomes difficult due to the high resistance value. When adopting this project, the above balance should be considered to select the paper.
Note in the printing process: the resistance value will change due to the ink on the pattern, the type of raw materials, etc. The first test of the story should be done more fully. In addition, the resistance values of Wet (after printing) and Dry (after drying) are also different, so it is necessary to use the printed matter for drying after drying, and try to make the color of the conductive ink and the non-conductive ink consistent.
Printing method: Offset printing should be used.