Outstanding electronic ink
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First, the development of ink development
In the printing industry, the status of ink is self-evident. The presentation of text and images relies entirely on the role of ink and substrate. Colorful packaging, eye-catching outdoor advertising, and colorful books are all indispensable for ink. Different printing processes have different requirements on the properties of the ink, which makes the type of ink continue to be refined. At the same time, with the development of the printing industry, ink has not only been used to present graphics, but also has anti-counterfeiting, decoration and other functions. A wide variety of inks with special processes have emerged, making the ink family ever larger and more unique. In recent years, there has been a type of electronic ink that has quietly appeared in the ink industry, and has attracted widespread attention with its unique personality, which will have a certain impact on the way humans obtain visual information.
Second, the technical advantages of electronic ink
1. Cause
The emergence of the Internet once brought a big impact to the traditional newspapers. On the Internet, we can read the news, read novels, browse various kinds of information, and choose according to personal preferences. Look, its convenience is self-evident. Some people have worried that our traditional paper books will be replaced by the Internet, but it turns out that people's reading habits tend to be traditional reading methods, so the paper and the rendering tools of these images - ink, are still Can not be abandoned. But nowadays, people's requirements for books are also more and more beautiful, which increases the weight of books to a certain extent, so books are no longer just a leisure tool, but become a burden to a certain extent. How can we make traditional books and newspapers light and easy to carry and the amount of information will only increase? We need to transform the paper, and electronic ink is the tool for presenting graphics on this new material.
2. Structure
The electronic ink is produced by American E-ink Company and has the appearance and electronic display capability of traditional paper ink. The structure is shown in Figure 1. It is a liquid itself consisting of millions of microcapsules with a diameter of about 100 μm (similar to the thickness of the hair), while the capsules are composed of white particles suspended in a colored dye. White particles are key substances and are small particles that are ground from titanium oxide. This microcapsule is sandwiched between two electric fields of opposite polarity. When the titanium oxide itself is negatively charged and the electric field applied to it is positive, it will move to a positively charged surface. - Then it can display white pixels; if the polarity is opposite, the negatively charged titanium oxide particles are repelled away from the top layer, and the dyed ink appears. These capsules of different colors can be properly arranged and combined. A variety of texts and patterns are printed to obtain a grayscale image by controlling the position of the titanium oxide particles in the capsule. As long as the e-paper is not damaged, it can be reused countless times.
3. Advantages Some advantages of electronic inks are outstanding compared to traditional inks:
3.1 Strong printability, suitable for almost all materials. Regardless of its distinctive personality, electronic inks are always an ink that has basic ink properties - printability. It can be printed on textiles, paper, plastics and many other materials. Unlike liquid crystal displays, electronic inks can be displayed on plastic surfaces, making them ultra-thin, flexible and not fragile.
3.2 The edge sharpening is high and the image is clear. Compared with the image formed by the electronic ink and the image formed by the electrostatic copying dry powder, the former has a sharper sharpening degree, and the advantage is more prominent when printing a continuous tone image.
3.3 light resistance is good, not easy to fade. Unlike traditional inks, pigment particles in electronic inks are encapsulated in plastic resins that protect the chemical composition of the pigment from oxidation or humid air and do not change under ultraviolet light.
3.4 dry quickly. For traditional inks, after the ink reaches the substrate, there will be a drying process. For different inks, the drying performance is different, and the length of time required is not fixed. For different printing processes, it is appropriate. Further drying treatment is carried out, but the electronic ink does not need to be, and once the electronic ink is transferred to the substrate, it is automatically cured, so that it can be said to be dry immediately.
In addition to the above advantages, it also has its own unique characteristics:
1 high brightness. The display brightness of the electronic ink is 6 times that of the LCD liquid crystal display and the thickness of the display medium material is also about 30% thinner than that of the LCD liquid crystal display. Reading from any angle does not produce a change in brightness with a 180 degree viewing angle. There is no strict requirement for the intensity of light, and the reading effect of different strong and weak light will not change.
2 Electronic ink has low energy consumption, long-lasting effect and stable image quality. Once the paint particles in the ink reach a state, the graphic is formed. After the power is turned off, the graphic formed by the electronic ink can still remain on the screen, so after the page is formed, the power reading can be disconnected, and no additional is needed. Energy support. Energy is only consumed when the content changes. It takes about 12mj to change a 3inch character.
3 This kind of electronic ink can be used in a large area because of its low cost, and can be often used frequently. At present, the symbol display design of electronic inks uses a refresh rate of less than 1 second, and may achieve a refresh rate of more than 60 times per second.
4 color gamut is wide. Similar to the color rendering ability of traditional inks, the number of colors is large. The electronic ink of its spot color system extends the color gamut to a color gamut that cannot be achieved with four-color basic colors. Printing according to international color standards, electronically adjust the color density to suit different printing needs. The colorful electronic ink display tool can display thousands of colors.
Third, the application of electronic ink
At present, as electronic inks have gradually become familiar to people, their application range is increasing. For example, it can be used for web printing, as an opaque white coating for colorless substrates, as well as for glossy advertising paper and other large-format labels, with inherent features that allow it to be displayed flexibly, just like on paper. The display is the same as shown in Figure 2. Electronic inks can also be printed on curved surfaces, the surface of the print can be bent, and power is only consumed when the content needs to be changed. The Indigo spot color system compatible with PANTONE also has electronic ink applications. In Indigo's color digital offset presses, there is a unique combination of features, all using electronic inks (ie Indigo's unique liquid inks). Electronic inks can achieve very small particles (1 to 2 μm), such small particles allow printing to achieve higher resolution and smoothness, sharpening the edges of the image, resulting in a very thin image layer.
Sony and the US company ENK, Massachusetts, Philips and Japan's Toppan Printing Technology Co., Ltd. jointly developed the Ebook reader Librie, also used E-Ink electronic ink technology. The resolution of the reader is 800x600dpi, and the definition of black and white fonts is better than any LCD screen.
Recently, at the EXPO2005 exhibition held in Aichi, Japan, Toppan Printing
Demonstrated its mature E-ink electronic ink technology -
A wall-sized E-ink display, as shown in Figure 3. The display is made up of 272 individual electronic ink panels. Toppan
Printing's E-ink electronic ink technology is similar to the Sony LIBRIe e-reader, which has been convinced by many people for its delicate and flat display.
So far, the latest application of electronic ink is the world's first electronic paper watch, as shown in Figure 4. It was jointly launched by E-ink Corporation and Japan Epson Corporation. This watch is easy to read, slim and bendable. Since it does not require a backlight when it is displayed, its inherent stability memory capability does not require energy to be maintained during rendering, and therefore has a low energy consumption. This watch is expected to be introduced to the market in 2006.
Fourth, the market outlook
1. Market potential.
The application prospects of electronic inks are full of hope and attract many merchants. Hearst has invested millions of dollars in research and development of reusable newspapers. Motorola also hopes to use it as an extension product of wireless technology business. , Israel's Indigo launches the world's first digital color offset press E-print At 1000 o'clock, a new special liquid coloring agent called electronic ink was also used. And its founding company, E-Ink, is also working with companies such as IBM and Lucent Technologies to produce displays for electronic inks.
2. Prospects.
At present, domestic manufacturers are still unable to produce electronic ink. In the field of digital printing, this is undoubtedly a blank for us. To make our printing quality reach the international level as soon as possible, the development and development of new technologies, the production of new products and Promotion is the direction we should focus on. Due to its price, equipment and other objective conditions, the use of electronic ink in China in a short period of time will not be as popular as traditional inks, but this does not erase its advantages. For most printers, this is still an unknown area, and its great market potential cannot be ignored. We are pursuing high-quality printed products, and electronic inks have the ability to reflect the high quality of printed products. It is believed that in the near future, the application of electronic inks will be more extensive, and domestic printing manufacturers should also seize business opportunities and compete in the future. Take the lead in it.