Offset machine maintenance and lubrication
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Lubricating substances, lubricating oil, are added between the friction surfaces to form a lubricating film, which separates the friction surfaces from direct friction to reduce friction and reduce wear. This is called lubrication.
(1) The role of lubrication
1) Use oil to form an oil film on the two opposite moving surfaces to reduce the wear of the parts.
2) The flow of lubricating grease can absorb heat, heat transfer and heat dissipation, reduce the friction temperature between the friction surfaces, and prevent the parts from being killed by excessive heat expansion.
3) Lubricating oil adheres to the surface of the part to protect the surface of the part and prevent rust.
4) The oil film formed by the lubricating grease greatly reduces the friction coefficient and can reduce the frictional resistance and power consumption.
5) Lubricating oil can play a role in vibration damping.
6) Lubricating oil can wash and clean the surface of the part. 7) The oil film formed by the lubricating oil can disperse the contact stress on the surface of the part.
8) Lubricating oil can also seal the air, prevent dust from entering, and protect the parts.
(2) Selection of lubricating oil
1) Lubricating oil requirements: lower surface friction coefficient, good adsorption and wetting ability, suitable cohesion (viscosity), high purity and oxidative stability.
2) Selection of lubricating oil
The choice of the oil number is generally determined by two factors: the speed and load of the machine. For high-speed, low-load, relatively low-viscosity oils on the moving contact surface; vice versa. Domestic equipment is light and medium load, the oil number can be selected to be smaller, usually 30 to 40 oil. Imported equipment is medium and heavy load (shoulder iron), the oil number should be larger, usually 60-70 oil.
The choice of the oil number is not fixed, and it needs to be changed according to different working environments. The friction surface with large clearance should use oil with high viscosity, so that the lubricating oil adheres to form the oil film; the friction surface with small gap and the oil filled with small oil pipe should use oil with small viscosity to wedge and flow the oil. The change of temperature also affects the choice of oil. For example, the bookbinding board, chain and glue pot of the binding machine should be made of high temperature butter (grease) due to the long-term high temperature zone during work.
(3) Lubrication points
1) Change oil regularly. After using the new machine for 2 to 3 weeks, the oil should be completely changed once, and the oil should be changed every 3 months to half a year later. The tank, oil pump, filter, and parts on the wall panel should be thoroughly cleaned each time the oil is changed. For example, the ZYB oil-lubricated air pump should be changed after 300 hours of operation, and the oil should be changed once every 3000 hours.
2) All kinds of filters in the oil circuit should be cleaned regularly. The ultra-fine filter should be replaced every time. The oil pipe and pressure oil nozzle should be purged with high-pressure air gun to ensure the smooth flow of the oil.
3) For the oil eye oil, you can use a special oil oil can, generally add oil above 50.
4) When adding butter (grease), it is advisable to see the new oil and squeeze out the old dirty oil into the friction surface, so as to avoid fine friction debris and dirt in the old oil.
5) Before refueling, carefully check the grade and quality of the oil. Do not mix and match the oil of different grades. Never use gasoline or kerosene in the oil, and prevent the use of varnish as oil.
6) All manual lubrication points on some imported machines have special signs. For example, the red, yellow, blue and green signs on Heidelberg machines mean daily, weekly, monthly and annual lubrication.
7) Domestic machines also use manual fueling signs, such as J2108. The solid circle and the hollow circle each indicate that the No. 50 engine oil is added once a day, and the solid triangle and the hollow triangle each indicate that the butter is added once a week and every six months.
8) Some parts of the machine that use friction drives or brakes cannot be refueled and kept clean. For example, the clutch needs to be refueled, but the brake pads and brake discs must not be refueled; the chain sprocket needs to be refueled, but the transmission belt, the pulley and the friction wheel must not be refueled.
9) Refueling according to the custom line, no leakage. At the same time, check the oil pipe and oil eye blockage and clear it in time.
10) Common refueling parts are: gears, cams, sprockets, chains, guides, clutches, universal joints, open and close teeth, opening and closing jaws, swing bars, swing frames, connecting rods, bearings, etc. The transfer paper, the impression cylinder, the delivery roller, and the delivery tray should be cleaned once a month and lubricated with oil.