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Chinese enterprises in the context of China's economic growth during the transition period have reached a critical turning point. The growth achieved by “high consumption, high pollution and high emissions” has come to an end, and the development advantages brought by low labor costs will also Gradually disappeared. In this revolution, the printing industry is also facing new shocks. Faced with new situations, how to deal with enterprises has become an important issue.
The implementation of the national resource conservation strategy will promote fundamental changes in the way enterprises develop China's economy continues to develop at a high speed, which has enhanced national strength and influence on the world. However, this rapid development is based in part on the high consumption of resources. According to relevant information, China's energy consumption per dollar of production value is 4.3 times that of the United States, 7.7 times that of Germany and France, and 11.5 times that of Japan. The cost of China's economic growth is higher than the world average of more than 25%. This extensive type of economic growth has led to excessive "utilization" of limited resources, and the negative impact on economic development has become increasingly apparent. The Party Central Committee has taken the overall situation of economic construction with a scientific outlook on development and has made a development strategy of resource conservation.
China has a population of 1.3 billion. Although the per capita consumption of books and other publications is much lower than that of developed countries, the total amount is very large. According to the statistics of the "China Printing Yearbook", the total amount of papers for publishing books, periodicals and newspapers in the country in 2006 was 534.11 tons. Such a large amount of paper needs to be supplied by both domestic and foreign markets. At the same time, publications consume a lot of materials such as inks and plates. There are nearly 300 million primary and middle school students in China, and the amount of teaching materials supplements accounts for about 50% of the total books. The consumption of raw materials such as paper is not small.
The implementation of the national resource conservation strategy has had an impact on the printing industry without exception. This is the optimization of publications such as books and the reduction of inventory backlog. For primary and secondary school textbooks, its repeated use has begun to emerge. Developed countries such as the United States, Japan, Germany, and Russia have generally achieved repeated use of textbooks and have formed a system. That is, students will use the textbooks to change the price or send them to the next level to save resources. In the United States, a textbook is intended for at least 8 students and has an average lifespan of 5 years. In rural areas of China, especially in poor areas, the phenomenon of lending and gifting of old textbooks is not individual. This is of course related to the economic situation, but objectively saves resources. Under the promotion of the domestic and international environment in which the teaching materials are repeatedly used, some regions and schools in Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Tianjin, Guangdong and other provinces have begun to carry out organized promotion. The country recently issued a document deciding that from the spring of 2008, a free textbook recycling system for some subjects will be established in rural primary and secondary schools. Textbooks are only filed for the school, used by students during the semester, and returned to the school at the end of the semester for use by the next level of students. The circular textbook uses the institutional documents to stipulate that the central government arranges these subjects every year, that is, about 1/3 of the textbooks of "Science", "Music", "Art" or "Art", "Sports and Health" and "Information Technology" in primary schools. It is used to supplement the updating of the teaching materials, and encourages the free teaching materials of local courses to be recycled. Henan Province will also make specific provisions on the registration, distribution, recycling, statistics, disinfection, storage, and renewal of recycled textbooks to ensure the smooth implementation of this system. The repeated use of textbooks from spontaneous to national requirements quickly changes people's traditional consumption concepts, and it will quickly spread from rural to urban areas, from the auxiliary classes to the main class. Under the new situation, books or textbooks or textbooks will be relatively slow. This is even worse for the printing market, which has more porridge and more supply than demand.
In this regard, printing companies have to do:
1. Recognize the situation and change the concept. Resource conservation is a common problem and goal in the economic development of all countries in the world, and it is a strategic plan for human survival and sustainable economic development. This is the trend of the times, irreversible, but it can be adapted. Enterprises must know this early, prepare early, and become passive. Establish and enhance market awareness, abandon the industry's protection and wait for a wait-and-see attitude. According to its actual adjustment of product structure, independent innovation, actively and effectively open up new areas, so that enterprises enter the blue ocean with broad prospects and free navigation.
2. The repeated use of textbooks has a higher quality requirement. The current teaching materials are generally for one semester, and a few varieties are for one academic year. After repeated use of the textbook, its useful life should be extended by at least 2 to 3 times, so the durability, durability, color and durability of the ink color are very important. At present, the quality of the textbook printing, such as loose pages, broken pages, spine opening, wrinkling of the film, color fading, etc. occur from time to time. This enterprise should have a full understanding of the research, equipment, technology, materials, management and other aspects of the research, and thoroughly solve these problems to adapt to the repeated use of teaching materials. At the same time, national industry standards such as printing quality standards and paper quality standards will be introduced. Enterprises must organize production according to this to ensure product quality.
3. Take the path of diversified operations. Some people say that teaching materials and supplements are like an iceberg. The entire publishing and printing industry floats on this iceberg. Enterprises must fully understand the risks of relying on teaching materials, actively adjust product structure, develop printing, and transcend printing. ,multichannel management. It mainly focuses on publications such as books and textbooks, as well as packaging and decoration printing, and expands into the fields of e-books, multimedia books, and digital personalized printing products. Conditional companies can also create industries that are needed by the market and are economically profitable. The market is ruthless and affectionate. It is not difficult to be a business. The key is to see how you can adapt to the market and find the right path.
The implementation of the national environmental protection strategy will promote the sound and rapid development of enterprises
The harmonious coexistence between mankind and nature, mankind and the environment is the long-term development of the country and the nation. However, economic development and human survival always cause a certain degree of damage to nature and a certain degree of pollution to the environment. The same is true for the production of enterprises. The rapid development of China's economy is partly at the expense of the environment. China is one of the countries with serious pollution in the world. At present, the amount of wastewater discharged per unit of GDP per unit in China is four times higher than that of developed countries, and the solid waste per unit of industrial output is 10 times higher than that of developed countries. According to estimates by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China's environmental pollution and economic damage caused by ecological damage account for about 15% of GDP. This situation seriously affects the quality of economic development. To this end, the state proposes and implements a development strategy for energy conservation and emission reduction, and accelerates the formulation and implementation of market access standards, mandatory performance standards and environmental protection standards for energy conservation and emission reduction.
As we all know, the paper industry is a high energy consumption and high pollution industry. China's pulp and paper industry sewage discharge accounts for about 10% to 12% of the national sewage discharge, ranking third; chemical oxygen consumption in discharge sewage accounts for about 40% to 45% of the total national discharge, ranking first . The paper industry has become one of the major industries polluting the environment in China, and energy conservation and emission reduction have a great impact on its industrial development. China's guiding principle for the industrial development of the paper industry is Guan Xiaotong. Supporting the fittest. Support large-scale enterprises with strong technical production capacity, tilt from credit, finance, taxation, etc., support their technological transformation of energy conservation and emission reduction, and encourage enterprises to take low resource consumption, low environmental pollution, high technology content and good economic benefits. The road to sustainable development. In this way, the cost of paper production will increase substantially, and it will inevitably produce a big impact on the printing industry, which uses paper as the main raw material. On the other hand, it is necessary to shut down, stop, transfer, and eliminate large-scale sewage discharges that are hopeless for energy conservation and emission reduction. This has made the supply situation of paper more tight in the current period of time, which further spurred the increase in the sales price of the paper market and further increased the impact on the printing industry.
Plastic shopping bags, especially ultra-thin plastic bags, have become the main source of “white pollution”. Retail stores such as supermarkets, shopping malls, and bazaars are the most concentrated places for using plastic shopping bags, and most of them are provided free of charge, which increases the degree of “white pollution”. In order to solve this problem, the General Office of the State Council recently issued a notice requesting that from June 1, 2008, plastic shopping bags at all retail outlets should be used free of charge. The notice also requires that the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags with a thickness of less than 0.025 mm be prohibited nationwide. This is a good measure to reduce "white pollution." According to the survey, after the UK imposed a fee on plastic bags, its use was reduced by 90%, while Germany and South Korea reduced their use by more than two-thirds after charging. It is estimated that the use of plastic bags in China will be reduced by 2/3 after the charge. The reduction in usage will directly affect the resources of plastic packaging manufacturers, and those unsuitable plastic packaging manufacturers will face a bad luck.
Printing production will also cause a certain degree of pollution, and the use of plates, inks, chemical solvents and pharmaceuticals have certain toxicities, causing a certain degree of pollution to the environment. Governance tasks are equally daunting, and they have to pay a certain cost.
In this regard, printing companies have to do:
1. Comply with the green printing, green packaging and printing situation, and coordinate the issue of the combination of printed matter and environmental protection with the scientific development concept. Try to adopt new technologies, new materials and new processes that are conducive to environmental protection, reduce pollutant emissions as much as possible, and achieve good and fast development. Vigorously develop the circular economy, re-use the waste generated in the production process of the leading products of enterprises, or use the decorations and children's toys that other society needs. For those wastes (PS plates, films, etc.) that the company itself cannot digest and use, they are collected and sold to specialized recycling companies for specialized treatment and reuse. This not only reduces the pollution of the environment, but also recovers part of the funds. It is also necessary to manage any pollution caused in the production process with a high sense of social responsibility so that its emissions meet the standards.
2. Energy conservation and emission reductions lead to an increase in raw materials such as paper, which will inevitably affect the increase in printing costs. Don't panic about this, don't blame, take the initiative to make a difference with scientific ideas. This is to strengthen management and tap the potential savings. Several large-scale book printing enterprises in Shaanxi have achieved remarkable results in strengthening cost management and quota management. Each enterprise saves one or two million yuan per year according to the paper loading rate given by the publishing unit. As someone has said, reducing waste and reducing costs is like squeezing water from a sponge, and pressure can always squeeze out water. The funds are the blood of the production and operation of the enterprise, the shortage of funds, the poor blood flow, and the restriction on normal production and operation. Enterprises should use limited funds on the cutting edge, giving priority to purchasing paper, purchasing materials, buying equipment, and paying wages. Expanded reproduction in line with the principle of eating and dressing. At the same time, the recovered loans should be recovered in time, savvy operations, reduce bad debt losses, accelerate capital turnover, maximize input and output benefits, and digest various cost increase and decrease factors in scientific and fine management.
3. Plastic bag making enterprises should adapt to the situation, aim at new business opportunities and transform as soon as possible. If some companies have begun to develop and produce reusable green shopping bags and environmentally friendly products with high market demand. This also gives inspiration to all printing companies, which is the blue ocean that constantly seeks to develop itself.
The implementation of the Labor Contract Law provides legal protection for enterprises to establish harmonious labor relations.
On June 29, 2006, the 28th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress passed the "Labor Contract Law of the People's Republic of China" with high votes, and it was implemented on January 1, 2008. The introduction of this law will have a major adjustment to the labor relations model determined by the labor contract regulations that have been implemented for many years, and will have a profound impact on the human resources management model, enterprise labor costs and employment patterns.
The implementation of the Labor Contract Law will make the employment system more standardized. The main ones are: As long as the laborer establishes a practical labor relationship with the employer, it is necessary to sign a labor contract. It is illegal to not sign a labor contract. The law also stipulates the contents of the labor contract, including the name of the employer, the domicile, the legal representative or the principal responsible person; the name, address and resident ID card or other valid certificate number of the employee; the working address and working time of the employee And rest and vacation, etc.; especially the wages, benefits, social insurance, occupational hazard protection of workers. These content items must not be in short supply and must not be in conflict with relevant national laws and regulations. In the past, enterprises will be liable for the seizure of laborer ID cards and other documents, prolonged probation period, failure to implement minimum wage standards, failure to apply for endowment insurance funds, arbitrary termination of labor contracts, and dismissal of employees at will. Otherwise, enterprises will be liable. .
The Labor Contract Law gives workers the autonomy to resign. If the laborer proposes to terminate the contract according to his own situation or personal development needs, he may terminate the labor contract by notifying the employer in writing 30 days in advance. If the employer proposes to terminate the labor contract, it needs to have sufficient reasons and legal basis. If the worker is sick or injured by work, he or she cannot perform the original work within the prescribed medical period; the worker is not qualified for the job, and is still unable to perform the job after training or adjusting the position; the objective situation based on the labor contract law is significant. Change, etc. This has added difficulties to the company's stable workforce. If the company is not people-oriented, does not treat employees well, does not fulfill the relevant provisions of the labor contract, and infringes on the legitimate rights and interests of workers, it will exacerbate the outflow of employees. If the company does not give special care and care to the outstanding talents, the brain drain will also intensify.
The Labor Contract Law also stipulates that if an employer does not sign a labor contract with a laborer, it shall pay twice the wage to the laborer; if the labor contract is terminated, the employer shall pay the laborer an economic compensation according to the state regulations; In case of a breach of contract, in addition to paying economic compensation to the laborer, the unit shall pay compensation in the amount of twice the economic compensation standard. In all of these, companies are at risk of increasing labor costs.
In this regard, printing companies have to do:
1. Seriously study the "Labor Contract Law", correctly understand its connotation and related provisions, enhance legal awareness, and consciously implement it. Incorporate enterprise management into the track of the legal system to prevent the occurrence of conflicts between the corporate system, regulations and practices. To be a model of law-abiding management, to control the way for enterprises to take a harmonious and scientific development.
2. The core of the Labor Contract Law is to protect laborers, but the legitimate rights and interests of employers are also protected by law. Enterprises should make full use of relevant provisions to protect their own interests. For example, in accordance with the provisions of the Labor Contract Law, after the termination or termination of the labor contract, senior management personnel, senior technical personnel and other personnel with confidentiality obligations who have signed the “competition restrictions” will not be produced with the unit within two years. Or other employers who engage in similar products and engage in similar business with competitive positions, and may not start their own production or operate similar products or businesses that have a competitive relationship with the employer. If the laborer violates the "competition restrictions" agreement, the employer shall pay the liquidated damages according to the contract. This provides a legal basis for protecting corporate proprietary property rights and trade secrets. Another example is that the employer provides training for the laborer and costs a certain price. The labor contract can stipulate that the laborer serves a certain period of time for the employer, and the length of the service period is negotiated by both parties. If the laborer violates this agreement, the employer shall also pay the employer a penalty of not exceeding the amount of the training fee spent by the employer. This ensures that the company's training can be rewarded as it should be, which is conducive to the company's stable talent team. Another example is to contact or terminate the labor contract. If the responsible party is completely on the laborer's side (causing a personal fault, causing a major accident, causing a major loss to the employer; being subject to legal sanctions, etc.), the employer will not pay the employee financial compensation. Wait. Enterprises that implement the "Labor Contract Law" must be passive and take the initiative to make full use of relevant legal provisions to protect themselves.
3. Labor relations are basic labor relations. The Labor Contract Law is the carrier of labor relations and the evidence of the rights and obligations of employers and workers. Printing enterprises are labor-intensive enterprises. The production and management are very light and the peak season is very obvious. The imbalance of production is difficult to eradicate. The working hours of the workers are not balanced, the mobility of the workers is relatively large, and the human resources management of the enterprises faces many new problems. Printing companies cannot use this as an excuse to discount the implementation of the Labor Contract Law. It is necessary to make full use of this opportunity, comprehensively implement the "Labor Contract Law" in light of the actual situation of the printing enterprise, adhere to the people-oriented principle, respect the personality and human rights of the laborers, treat the workers with integrity, treat each other as equals, and make the workers pay due diligence. The return, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the workers, create more wealth for the enterprise. Through the implementation of the Labor Contract Law, we will gradually build a harmonious labor relationship, so that laborers and employers can benefit and achieve a win-win situation.