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Nanotechnology was born and rapidly emerged in the late 1980s. It can be said that it has reached a hot spot, and it seems to be a popular new term that everyone can blurt out. But what really is, what is nanotechnology? Maybe many people can't answer it.
Nano is the translated name of the English namometer. One nanometer is one billionth of a meter, and only about 45 atoms are so long. The nanostructure usually refers to a tiny structure with a size below 100 nanometers. The basic meaning of nanotechnology is to understand and transform nature within the scope of nanostructures, and to create new materials through direct manipulation and arrangement of atomic and molecular motion laws and characteristics. This means that people can use this technology to produce extremely pure materials and colorful new products. At present, the research on nanotechnology is mainly in the field of nanomaterials, and the nanomaterials refer to substances whose grain size ranges from 1 to 100 nanometers.
Features and advantages
Nanomaterials are now infiltrating into various fields, including the ink manufacturing sector in our printing industry. In 1994, XMX Corporation of Massachusetts, USA, successfully obtained a patent for the manufacture of nano-scale homogeneous particulate materials for inks. Nano-scale transparent iron oxide series pigments, which have recently been rated as national key new products by the Ministry of Science and Technology, have also been successfully developed.
So, what is the application value of nanotechnology in ink manufacturing? What are the characteristics of nano inks compared to ordinary inks?
It is well known that ink fineness is closely related to print quality. The finer the fineness of the ink, the stronger the tinting strength, and the clearer and more powerful the dots of the printed matter. Nano-inks are undoubtedly of particular advantage in terms of fineness, because nanomaterials are the finest materials in the current grain.
Since the nano metal particles can completely absorb the light waves to make themselves appear black and at the same time have a scattering effect on the light, the nano metal particles can be added to the black ink to improve the purity and density thereof. In addition, semiconductor nanoparticles exhibit certain characteristics for light absorption due to significant quantum size effects and surface effects. Experiments have shown that some of the nanoparticles have a significant blue shift in the light absorption edge, and some of the nanoparticles have a large red shift in the light absorption edge. Accordingly, if they are separately added to the yellow and cyan inks to form nano-inks, the purity can be improved. Nano-inks with specific nano-particles are added for color printing. The color layer will be richer and the tone will be more vivid. It is similar to plasma technology used in TV screens, which can greatly improve the expressiveness of images.
In addition, since the nanoparticles have a good surface wettability, they are adsorbed on the surface of the pigment particles in the ink, which can greatly improve the lipophilicity and wettability of the ink, and can ensure the stability of the entire ink dispersion. Therefore, nano-inks with nano-particles can greatly improve the printing performance.
We can also make various components in the ink (such as resin, pigment, filler, etc.) into nano-scale raw materials, because they are highly fine, and have good flow and lubricity, which can achieve better dispersion suspension and stability.
Adding nano-scale raw materials to different types of inks for different purposes will result in different effects. If used in UV ink, it can speed up the curing speed and eliminate the shrinkage wrinkling phenomenon of the ink film; the nano-scale carbon ink has conductivity, if the ink is added, it can be made into conductive ink; in the ink of glass ceramic, if The inorganic raw material composition is nanometer fineness, which will save a lot of raw materials.
There are also some specific nanoscale materials that, if added to the ink, can achieve some specific effects. Inorganic nanomaterials such as nano-Al2O3 have good fluidity, and if added to the ink, the wear resistance can be greatly improved. Some substances have different particle sizes and different colors at the nanometer level. This makes our color ink manufacturing no longer dependent on chemical pigments, but chooses different volumes of different nanoparticles to present different colors.
Even more amazing is that nano inks can also be used for night light graphic printing. Some nanoparticles have their own luminescent groups and can emit light by themselves. The printed matter printed with the ink added with such particles does not require the illumination of an external light source, and can be recognized by the human eye by itself. If the ink is used for outdoor large-scale advertising printing or graphic reading at night, no external light source is needed, which not only saves energy, but also greatly facilitates the user.
Development and application
Nanotechnology has been used in the development and production of inks, and has achieved promising results, especially in the field of anti-counterfeiting inks. The nano anti-counterfeiting printing ink developed by combining nanotechnology and anti-counterfeiting technology not only has good printing effect, but also can further improve anti-counterfeiting effect and anti-counterfeiting performance. For example, for the anti-counterfeiting ink of fluorescent anti-counterfeiting ink, the anti-counterfeiting mechanism has been deciphered and the anti-counterfeiting function has been lost. The nano anti-counterfeiting ink absorbed by Guangzhou University has been successfully researched, and the performance of the small sample is reliable, safe, stable and resistant to aging. All aspects have reached a satisfactory level. At present, the product has been applied to high-tech fields such as outer packaging, ticket security and infrared sensors.
For nano-inks, we are still basically at the stage of paper talk. There is still a long way to go in the ink manufacturing and printing industries, but some experts predict that nano-ink will open up a vast new world for the ink manufacturing industry. Ink and printing technology has brought about a new revolution.