Discussion on the role of ink additives
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The additive component of the ink component also affects the color of the ink. The diluent, catalyst, and flow agent are generally colorless, which may result in a decrease in ink hiding power. For example, adding a certain catalyst (such as a hardener) to the ink in a ratio of 2:1 will reduce the hiding power by 50%, which is almost as obvious as the difference between single printing and multiple printing. Therefore, it is important for the person who is performing the true color to know the required additives and the specific proportions at the time of addition so that the correct addition can be done before coloring.
Color sample production
Standard color samples are a guarantee for proper printing. Since the thickness of the obtained ink film layer is different in each printing mode, the color sample is obtained by silk screen printing or offset printing, and must be corrected in use. The color samples used for reference in pad printing are also subject to correction.
Observation environment
Light is generated by electromagnetic radiation, so light is derived from the partial electromagnetic spectrum. The spectral range that can be observed by the human eye is called the main light, and the red light from the longer band to the blue light in the shorter band. Since the light color seen by the human eye is only a certain wavelength of light in the visible light range, the light conditions in the observation environment have a great influence on the observation result. If the color to be matched is observed during the day and the color matching is obtained under fluorescent conditions, then this match is not a truly accurate match.
In addition, the environment in which the target turnover is observed also has an effect on the color of the observed image. For example, the color perception obtained by observing the same image on a darker background with a darker background is different. This is more important when presenting samples to customers for comments. It is important to ensure that the customer's observation conditions are consistent with the environmental conditions at which the ink process is established during printing, or that the lighting conditions during production are changed to be consistent with the customer's observation conditions.
Observer
It can be a human observer or a color measurement device (such as a spectrophotometer). It is impossible for any observer to observe the same image in the same way. Human vision can distinguish ten million colors, and the individual's psychological state affects his or her feelings about color. When a person's card is in a healthy state, the color that is observed is different from the color feeling that he gets when he is tired, sick, or depressed; the feelings of adults are not the same as those of children. Moreover, a particular class of people is less sensitive to color changes in a certain wavelength range, and some are even color-blind patients. Therefore, judging whether a color is correct or not is based on the visual characteristics of multiple people.
Color measuring devices, such as spectrophotometers, are represented by a set of color stimuli in a simulated three-dimensional color model, also known as a color space, by measuring reflected light from an object. During the measurement process, each device is calibrated under certain given conditions to complete the color measurement of the color swatch. These given conditions include lighting conditions or types of light sources, viewing angles, whether or not to consider the effects of gloss, and the like.
The results of different device measurements under the same environmental conditions will have the same color matching performance in the color space. But in reality, there are differences between different devices, and the results are different. Even the same device itself, the continuous two measurements may be different without changing any conditions. In most cases, these subtle differences do not have much impact on the results, but problems arise for different devices under different conditions or when the specified color tolerance is too small. Although the printing department and the customer may use the same equipment, there is often a difference because we cannot guarantee that the equipment will be observed in the same way after the correction process, and the measurement is completed. For example, for a person who specifies or sets a color, the gloss factor is taken into account when measuring the color sample, and the printer is observing the color matching condition, and does not consider the gloss factor when measuring the color sample, then, although the naked eye observes The matching result is acceptable. Therefore, when matching a color within a specific tolerance range generated by a computer, it is important to ensure that the measuring device is viewed in the same environment as the device used to set the color.
Color measurement plays an important role in color matching. The measurement results can generate a lot of useful information, which can directly indicate the position of the matched color in the color space, and help the reliable matching. However, in other cases, although the matching effect is good from the measurement results, it is not ideal from the viewpoint of visual effect or artistic effect. This is because in the evaluation of color matching, human vision still occupies a dominant position, so it is necessary to consider not only the role of measurement tools in color matching, but also the subjective sensibility of human vision.