Detailed film output process (on)
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In order to faithfully reproduce your ideas on paper, in addition to the exquisite design, it is more important to have standard unmistakable output as a guarantee, so it is very important for computer designers to understand the importance of output. . PhotoShop is currently the most widely used image processing software. To have good output, the premise is to find the best original; use the best roller scanner; DPI is set to 2 times the printing network, before making the four-color draft The graphic must be converted to CMYK mode. If it exceeds 10 megabytes, it needs to be in EPS format and should be separated for storage. Do not use compression or other formats. After editing the image, you do not need to modify it. Channel is removed. If there are multiple Layers, all useful Layers must be merged, and the unused Layers must be removed before they can be saved. After the version is finished, if the picture has been modified or renamed, the picture must be repositioned or connected. Freehand is a widely used typesetting software. To get a good gradient effect, you need to set the high resolution on the page before making it. It is also recommended to use PhotoShop or Illustrator to make the gradient. Please use Fill and srtoke and the pattern fill-in effect to avoid affecting the quality of the output. CorelDraw is the most used typesetting software for users on a PC. In order to get the best film or proof in the shortest time, please do not use RGB color to fill the color block or line during the production process; the number of nodes after the curve is controlled within 1500 points The graphics file should use PSD format as little as possible; the spot color can be used in Pantone special color, and Pantone printing color is not available.
1. Jump word
There are two main reasons for the jump word when outputting: one is to not re-adjust the position of the word after changing the font, and the other is to have a space between the word and the word. The only way to do this is to re-adjust the position of the word after changing the font. In the latter case, there are two ways to solve it: one is to divide the word into two parts and set it according to the original position; The solution is to make the TrueType font, after determining the position of the word and the image, the word Outline, but it should be noted that the space between the words must be an English space, otherwise the empty position will appear after the Outline. ".
2. Black and white picture
In PhotoShop, save the image as a TIFF image in Grayscale mode, and then put it into Freehand. There is a problem in using it. If you select a black overprint, if there is a color block or other basemap under the Grayscale image, its white part will become a color block. Or the corresponding part of the base map, the reason for this problem is that Freehand puts PhotoShop's Grayscale map with a default color of K100. When black overprint is selected, the white part is considered to have zero CMYK, which naturally reveals it. The color of the color version For this case, there are also two solutions: First, in PhotoShop, turn Grayscle into CMYK, select all in the CMYK total channel of the Channel dialog box, copy to Channel Black, and then delete C, The image in the three channels of M and Y; the other way is to change the color of the Grayscale image to Y1 and K100 in Freehand, so that there is no problem when selecting black overprinting.
3. Color
The color of the display has a certain influence on the human perception picture, so the screen should be adjusted with Gamma software to get close to the proof, which is closer to the color itself when coloring the picture in PhotoShop. It is best to adjust the color of the screen directly by users who use this machine. Do not rely on the manufacturer and other replacements, because the color of each user is different. In the typesetting software such as Freehand, the color is set to the printing color system. If you want to use a dedicated color, you can choose Pantone color, or set the color to Spot type, which is a specific color. When the map uses a dedicated color, the map is best stored in BitMap format, because BitMap is not transparent. In the typesetting, if you need to manually cut the cutting line and the alignment line, you must set a four-color black color, namely C100, M100, Y100, K100, so that each color separation version is available, and these lines must be set to Hairline, the thinnest line, to improve the accuracy of the version. For the above cutting lines, if there are additional spot colors, these spot colors must be made in situ. Freehand and other typesetting software, the color after setting is somewhat different from the actual screen. Therefore, it is usually possible to borrow the printed color standard for reference, then set the hue, and use Freehand to print the newspaper draft. If it is a two-color overprint, but there is Including the monochrome black EPS picture, the picture can not be saved as Grayscale mode at this time, otherwise the picture will be divided into four colors when outputting. Since only two versions are produced, the hue of the picture will become lower. Save the map in CMYK mode, and copy the entire version of the content to the K version, and then delete the contents of the CMY version, so that the output is correct.
4. Output lamp (negative film) There are three situations in which the output lamp (negative film) is required.
(1) request to enlarge the advertising light box;
(2) When the computer is made from RGB to CMYK, it is found that a certain color distortion must be separately divided by the RGB output lamp;
(3) When the customer's lamp is accidentally damaged.
Production requirements:
(1) The computer file must be RGB;
(2) The Channel and Paths must be merged;
(3) stored in TIFF format;
(4) According to the ratio of the specifications of the lamp, such as 4"*5" 135 (240*320), etc., it is not necessarily made according to the actual production of the lamp.
(5) The unit of measurement for lamp production is 2K, 4K, 8K 16K, 2K is 1024*2=2048 pixel (pixel), 4K 1024*4=4096 pixe the rest of the units and so on, for example: 4K 4"* 5" light film, containing 4096 pixels in the range of 5", can also be expressed as 4096 pixel/5" = 800 dpi general element image scanning, output 4K 4" * 5" light, can also cope For the printing of the poster, 2K 135 can enlarge 8"*10" photos.
5. Image mode for attention when outputting
Bitmap - bitmap, PhotoShop bitmap mode is a black and white image, each pixel of black and white image is represented by 1 bit of data, that is, the pixels of the displayed image are not black or white, so the storage space occupied by the image is also The smallest. But the BMP of WINDOWS is also a bitmap, but it takes up a lot of space. Grayscale - In grayscale mode, each pixel of an image is represented by 8 bits representing a 256 grayscale representation (grayscale) between each black and white. Grayscale images have no color. When converting a color image to grayscale, PhotoShop will display a warning message that the image information is reduced, prompting the user whether to actually discard the color information. Indexed Color - In the RGB, CMYK, and Lab modes, each pixel on the screen contains complete color information, but the image takes up a lot of storage space. In the actual output, the color used by an image is generally only tens or hundreds, so if the color used is to create a color table, the color of each pixel on the screen is only one of the color tables. Position, you can save the corresponding storage space of the image, use this method to record or display the image, that is, the index color mode. RGB Color--RGB mode is the main image display and processing mode of PhotoShop. RGB mode uses the basic components of red (RED), blue (BLUE), and green (GREEN) to synthesize most of the colors that can be seen. . CMYK Color--CMYK mode is a combination of four basic colors of CYAN, MAGENTA, YELLOW, and BLACK. It is generally used in the color separation processing of printed output. The Lab Color--Lab mode represents a color with a lightness component L and two components a, b, where the a component green evolves to red and the component has blue to yellow.
6. The principle of lithography
There are several printing methods in printing, lithography, letterpress printing, gravure printing, etc., China's book and packaging printing currently uses letterpress printing, and foreign letterpress printing has been replaced by lithography. Compared with letterpress printing and gravure printing, the lithographic process has its own unique features, which are summarized as follows:
1). The practical application of the natural law of oil and water incompatibility in lithography. Lithography uses the law of water and oil incompatibility to achieve the purpose of printing. At present, lithography is still inseparable from water.
2). The lithographic printing plate, the blank part and the graphic part are almost incompatible with water and oil on the same plane of the printing plate, and the technical treatment is used to form the lipophilic hydrophobic on the printing plate of the same plane. The graphic part and the blank part of the hydrophilic oleophobic. In the printing process, the wetting mechanism first coats a proper amount of water in the blank portion of the printing plate, and the blank portion does not adsorb the ink, and then the ink portion absorbs an appropriate amount of ink through the ink-pressing mechanism, and the image is completed by the embossing mechanism. Transfer the copy to achieve the purpose of printing.
3). The method of lithography is an indirect printing. The pattern on the printing plate is "positive". The ink on the lithographic printing plate is not directly transferred to the paper, but is first transferred to the blanket cylinder and onto the blanket cylinder. The ink is then transferred to the substrate, so the graphic is "positive" indirect printing. The blanket wrapped on the surface of the blanket cylinder has two characteristics: one is that it has better hydrophobic and lipophilic properties, can fully transfer ink and limit the transfer of moisture, and the other is that the blanket has elasticity and can be larger. In the case of printing pressure and compression deformation, a print with a small expansion ratio of the solid surface is printed.
4). The color of the dot--the color of the printed product is ever-changing, beautiful, the formation of its color is made up of the dot and the ink, and the color of the dot is the main one. It is guided by the theory of light color. The method of overlapping and juxtaposed dots, using the theory of three primary colors or three primary colors plus black (four colors), through the photographic color separation or electronic color separation, the color of the picture is decomposed into yellow, magenta, red, cyan, black, etc. with different mesh angles. Four color plates, then four-color plates, overprints overlap to reproduce numerous layers and colors, and get a rich reproduction of art.
5). Multi-color overprinting, wide printing range - lithographic printing can print monochrome text, but mainly multi-color overprinting. The printing format can be large or small (four-open-double-full) and can be printed with multi-color products of dots and solids at the same time. The finished product has a flat picture and bright colors, which is beyond the reach of other printing methods. The graphic part and the blank part of the lithographic printing plate are on the same plane. These two parts have completely opposite properties for the affinity relationship between water and oil. The graphic part is oleophilic and the blank part is hydrophilic and oleophobic. The role of the graphic part is to adsorb the ink to repel the fountain solution. During the printing process, the blank portion is first wetted by the fountain solution, and then the image portion is coated with the ink, and then the ink in the image portion is transferred to the paper. Lithography is based on the principle that oil and water are incompatible, and the graphic on the printing plate is transferred to the paper. (to be continued)