What is holographic printing for security printing?
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With the development of optical holography, in the 1980s, a new printing process capable of clearly and largely reproducing three-dimensional images on a two-dimensional carrier appeared in the printing industry. This new printing process is holographic printing technology.
Holographic printing is based on holography. In 1948, British physicist Denis Gabor invented holography, a photographic method that records and reproduces three-dimensional information of objects. Because there was no ideal light source at the time, the development of holographic technology was basically at a standstill.
It was not until the advent of the laser in 1960 that the United States, E.N.Leith and J.V.Pahieta, made the world's first hologram in 1963 with laser as the light source to confirm the theory of Gabor. The research and development of technology has developed rapidly. The techniques of rainbow holography, true color three-dimensional rainbow holography and holographic molding, which have been developed in the late 1960s and 1970s to observe and reproduce images in natural light, have laid the foundation for holographic printing technology.
Holography is different from ordinary photography. Ordinary photography records light reflected from various points on the scene through a photographic lens or a camera lens on the photographic film. What is recorded on the photoreceptor is only the intensity of the light (ie, the amplitude of the light). Since the ordinary photographing only records the amplitude of the scattered light of the scene, a two-dimensional image which is greatly different from the real object is obtained. The hologram uses the method of optical interference to record the amplitude and phase of the scattered light wave of the object to be recorded in the form of interference fringes, that is, record all the information of the object (such as the shape of a character, a pattern or a three-dimensional object) in a kind of On the carrier. Simplely described, the hologram obtained by holography is a thin sheet of a phase-contrast stripe structure that is indistinguishable to the naked eye and is complexly shaped. This stripe structure is often referred to as a grating. When the beam is illuminated at a certain angle to the grating on the hologram, the object information will be released from the hologram in the form of a certain light, and the human eye will watch the reproduced light as if you are viewing the scene outside the window through the window. A realistic stereoscopic image or a color-variable image can be observed from multiple sides of the hologram, which is substantially different from the planar image of a normal photo.
There are various methods for copying holograms, and copying and molding are the main methods of copying holographic printing. In particular, the embossed hologram is a printing technique in which a hologram having an embossed grating is used as a stamper, and an embossed grating is pressed on a surface of a relatively plastic film to realize a large-volume reproduction hologram.
The holographic printing process flow can be represented by the following block diagram:
Filming hologram→copying and copying→coating conductive layer electroforming nickel plate→peeling→imprinting replication→vacuum aluminizing→coating compound→cutting