What are fully degradable plastics, bio-based plastics, and recyclable plastics?
Plastic flexible packaging has many advantages such as low cost, simple packaging, easy storage and transportation, and has been developed for more than 100 years. In order to meet the functional requirements of printing, barriers, heat sealing, etc., plastic flexible packaging has gradually developed from a single-layer structure to today's multi-layer different The composite structure of the material, the outer layer is generally used for printing, heat resistance and impact resistance. The main materials are BOPP, BOPA, BOPET, paper, etc.; the middle layer generally plays a barrier role, and the material is mainly aluminum foil or aluminized BOPP/PET, PVDC coating film (partly distributed on the outer layer such as EVOH, alumina/silica), etc., to prevent the entry of oxygen and water, thereby playing a role in prolonging the shelf life; the inner layer is mainly used for heat sealing and sealing, the main materials are PE, CPP, Hot melt adhesive, sealant, etc.
With the increase in usage, the characteristic of plastic products that cannot be degraded naturally, and the harm to the human environment is also increasing. According to a report released by Axis Research Mind, the global annual use of plastics has reached 570 million tons in 2019.
In order to solve the harm of white garbage, more than 40 countries and regions have banned the use of disposable plastic bags. By 2021, the EU will ban the use of disposable plastic products with alternatives, such as plastic straws, disposable earplugs, meals Before 2025, EU member states must achieve 90% of plastics as recyclable products and have introduced specific timetables. China has also issued relevant policies and timetables in recent years. The tenth meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensive Deepening Reform in 2019 further clearly stated that it should actively respond to plastic pollution, orderly prohibit and restrict the production, sales and use of some plastic products, and actively promote recyclable and easily recyclable and degradable alternative products to increase green Product supply, regulate the recycling of plastic waste, establish and improve the management system of each link, and effectively and effectively control plastic pollution.
To deal with the problem of plastic pollution, to achieve plastic reduction, plastic limitation, degradation, and recycling will become an important issue facing the plastic soft package industry.
Judging from the current industry development and the major policies of countries around the world, plastic reduction is mainly based on packaging design and policy restrictions, as far as possible to reduce and limit the use of plastic products, thereby reducing plastic pollution; in terms of plastic bans, the main prohibition of supply or use Non-degradable disposable shopping bags, disposable garbage bags, disposable express packaging bags, thereby reducing or eliminating the use of plastic products in specific fields. In terms of degradation, it is mainly formed by adding PHA, PLA, PBS, PBAT, PCL to general plastics to form fully degradable materials, or by adding renewable materials such as starch, crop fibers, trees, etc. to general plastics and mixing them as additives. Bio-based plastics (this bio-based plastics have not been fully degraded, resulting in secondary pollution of residual plastic microparticles, which has been banned by EU legislation). Fully degradable materials are lacking in barrier performance and tearing performance. There are factors such as high cost and poor production and processing performance. Currently, they are mainly used in shopping bags, garbage bags and express packaging bags.
In the packaging fields of food and pharmaceuticals, because of the long-term storage requirements, higher requirements are placed on barrier performance, tearing and impact resistance, and the use is huge. Therefore, how to be fully recyclable has become a plastic soft The popular direction of the package's future development is that recyclables require the use of more than 95% homogeneous materials while meeting basic needs such as printing, barriers, and heat sealing. Because the melting point of aluminum foil and BOPET is too high, it consumes too much energy during recycling. At present, the industry mainly uses low melting point PP (polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene) as the main material. The current mainstream solution for PP is BOPP (printing) + CPP (heat sealing) + alumina/silica (barrier), and the mainstream solution for PE is BOPE (printing, HDPE) + PE (heat sealing, LDPE) + alumina / Silicon oxide (barrier).
Science and technology are the primary productive forces. With the development of the times and the continuous advancement of technology, new materials and new processes in the plastic soft bag industry will continue to emerge, and innovation is the eternal theme. (Finish)
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