The overall process flow and knowledge introduction of die cutting and indentation
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Die-cutting indentation is a special process in post-press processing, mainly considering whether to apply according to the design requirements. This paper mainly introduces the overall process flow of die-cutting indentation from the definition of die-cutting indentation, the printing plate of die-cutting indentation and the manufacturing process of die-cutting indentation.
What is die-cutting indentation?
The die-cutting and indentation process is to make the edge of the color print into various shapes according to the requirements of the design, or to add a special artistic effect to the printed matter, and to achieve a certain use function. The process of cutting a sheet into a mold with a steel knife (or carving it into a mold with a steel plate), and punching the substrate into a certain shape on the die-cutting machine is called a die-cutting process; using a steel wire to emboss, pressing a mark on the substrate or The process of leaving a groove that is favorable for bending is called an indentation process.
What is the plate for die-cutting indentation?
The plate for die cutting is actually a steel wire with a front end. Its height is about 23.8 mm. The steel wire is bent into various shapes on the jig, and then arranged into a "print plate". After embossing, the substrate is cut into the desired shape. The plate for indentation is also a steel wire, the height is slightly lower than the die cutting die (about 0.8mm lower), there is no sharp product, and the rows are formed into "print plates" and then embossed with them to make marks on the surface of the substrate. Seamless tools with special requirements are made of monolithic steel, which is costly but durable.
What are the types of die-cut indented plates?
To make the die-cut indentation plate, first make the bottom plate, then bend the wire according to the required knife shape and discharge it in the bottom plate. The bottom plate has two kinds of metal bottom plate and wood plate bottom plate.
1 metal bottom plate. The metal bottom plate has a variety of lead-type layout, lead-plated version, steel-type engraving, and steel plate engraving. The lead empty typesetting is arranged in a layout with a lead empty group of different sizes. The lead plate is cast into a bottom plate using molten lead alloy liquid. In this method, the steel wire is first bent into a desired shape, and a 10 mm edge is left around, and the outer periphery is fixed by a wooden strip. The molten lead alloy liquid is poured into it, and after cooling, it becomes a die-cutting plate. The steel type engraving plate first bends the steel strip into a curved closed frame similar to the die cut, the joint is welded firmly, and the two sides are ground to a height of about 30 mm. Then, the frame line of the cut pattern is accurately cut, the edge is cut out by the line, and finally heat treatment is performed to make a die-cut version. This die-cutting process is difficult and complicated. The steel plate engraving plate generally selects a steel plate slightly larger than the printed image and has a thickness of 25 mm, and finishes the surface to be processed, and then applies the photosensitive liquid and turns the sun. Mill out the part of the knife edge line required by the graphic, then engrave the knife edge and finally heat treatment. Although the die-cutting die plate is costly, it can be used repeatedly for a long time, and is generally suitable for a small and complicated shaped product. At present, lead type layout is used more frequently.
2 wood board bottom version. The bottom plate of the board has several kinds of plywood, wood board, zinc wood nail board. The plywood is generally 9 to 13 layers and has a thickness of 18 to 20 mm. It is to transfer the design pattern to the plywood, drill the hole in the line, and then insert the die cutting line and the indentation line to make the die-cut indentation plate. This method has a higher quality of die-cutting, and the die-cut version is lighter in weight and shorter than the empty lead-cutting plate. The bottom plate of the board is a hardwood board that is directly sawn and formed as a bottom plate. The zinc wood nail board is made by forming a die-cut pattern on the zinc plate, and nailing the zinc plate to the wood board. After being trimmed, the steel knife is embedded and can be mounted on the die-cutting machine. Wood board bottom plates are commonly used for plywood.
What is the manufacturing process of die-cutting and indentation?
The production of die-cut indentation plates, commonly known as row cutters. The so-called knives refer to the process of assembling steel knives, steel wires and lining materials into die-cut indentation plates according to the specified requirements. At present, the domestic knives operation basically uses two types of lining materials: metal lead and plywood.
The gluing plate is used as a template for the lining material. The bottom plate is first made, and the other operations are basically the same.
1 The manufacture of the bottom plate. It refers to the design of the product, in a certain way, draw or draw the die contour on the bottom plate, and then through different processes, saw the narrow groove according to the contour line. In the production of the master plate, the drawing of the die contour map and the advantages and disadvantages of the saw seam are the key factors affecting the quality of the plate. The mastering of the mastering is done manually by hand. The accuracy of the die depends entirely on the skill level of the individual. The die must be drawn on the board by hand and then manually cut along the line by a wire saw; the laser has appeared. Plate making system, in this system, the automatic operation until the last process, the operation of the product to be die-cut product dimensions, paper thickness and other parameters into the computer, the electronic computer can control the bottom plate production system, so that the bottom plate according to the die graphic The laser beam moves automatically under the beam.
2 steel knife (line) cutting and forming processing. The cutting and forming of steel knives (wires) refers to the process of cutting the steel cutting knives and steel wires into the largest forming line segments according to the design specifications and requirements, and then processing them into the required geometric shape. . When forming a knife, the choice of steel knife and steel wire should be paid attention to. The hard steel knife has high mechanical strength and poor elasticity. It should be used as a straight line cutter as much as possible, and it should not be bent too much. The soft steel knife has good elasticity and is used as bending. Large arc rows of knives. When selecting steel knives and steel wires, factors such as the thickness of the die-cut product material and the width of the indentation line should also be considered. The general rule is: the thickness of the material of the die-cut product is different, and the height and thickness of the steel wire should be different. As the thickness of the paper decreases, the height of the steel wire increases and the thickness decreases.
3 rows of knives. According to the product design specifications and shape, after the specifications are drawn and checked with the printed graphics, the knife operation can be started. Depending on the material used for the lining, the knives operation is slightly different. The technical requirements and process difficulty of the metal empty lead knives are generally slightly higher than that of the plywood lining material. When using the metal empty lead knives, according to certain process requirements, the knife type is directly fixed at the designated position of the embossed plate with the empty lead, and the arranging operation is completed, which is very similar to the typesetting operation in the movable type printing. In the metal lead-lead knives, the operator is required to be able to use various specifications of the lining material flexibly and freely, and the discharged embossing plate cannot be loosened or stringed in the die-cutting process. Especially when sorting all kinds of geometric figures, it is necessary to ensure the specification of the graphics and to ensure the tightness of the fit. When a version of a multi-picture is used, it must be consistent with each other, and it cannot be different because of the difference in the lead magnification. In addition, the knives are arranged to be equidistant from the vertical lines of the opposite sides of the plate, so as to facilitate clamping and fastening when the knife is fixed. In the operation of plywood lining empty material rowing, after the steel knives and steel wires are embedded in the bottom sewed seam, they should hang down the plane of the bottom plate, the gap should be appropriate, and there should be no deformation or twisting during embedding or processing. If the layout is composed of multiple base plates, the individual bottom plates should be first formed and then arranged one by one, and finally fixed and fixed. After the arranged plates, the longitudinal and transverse lines should be at an angle of 90° to each other, and the edges should be parallel to each other so that the entire layout can be flat. In addition, the steel knife and steel wire interface should be discharged at the appropriate position, the interface gap should be appropriate, and the overlap or the gap should not be caused by the pressure.
4 check check and solid knife. The solid knife is also called a pattern or card version, which is to install the printed plate in the frame. After the row of knives is completed, do a comprehensive inspection, and the correct knives can be officially started. The plate-fixing knife with empty lead as the lining material should be fastened with the solid-locked lock after the wooden strip is placed around the frame; the die-cut version with the plywood as the lining material should be based on the specific conditions of the whole layout. After the wood strip is placed, it is fastened by the fixed lock clip.