The direction of the green production process of printing enterprises
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With the continuous deepening of the concept of low-carbon economy, the development of green printing has become the development direction of the printing industry. It can be said that only by implementing the green printing process can enterprises achieve a double harvest of economic and social benefits; only by developing a green printing production model can enterprises continuously improve the competitiveness of the market and thus survive and develop better. Therefore, we should correctly understand the importance and necessity of developing green printing technology from a strategic perspective, correctly handle the relationship between the immediate interests of enterprises and long-term interests, and formulate corporate business strategies and goals that are in line with the direction of green and environmental protection, so that enterprises The core competitiveness has been improved, and we are striving to become a veritable environmentally friendly company and make a real contribution to the sustainable development of Chinese society.
1. Understanding and understanding of green printing technology
At present, green printing has been heated up by the society and the industry, and there is quite a strong atmosphere. So, what is green printing production? I think, perhaps because of the focus on the ecological environment, the organization commonly uses green as the representative color. Therefore, green is synonymous with environmental protection, health, pollution-free and energy-saving. Then, according to the author's understanding and understanding, the so-called green printing process should refer to the use of new technologies, new equipment, new materials, new processes, new methods to achieve better use and save raw materials, reduce printing production consumption, and promote production. The simultaneous improvement of efficiency and product quality can help protect the ecological environment and reduce environmental pollution, and better protect the health of the human body. In this sense, the green printing process is a systematic project, which involves a wide range of aspects, including not only technological innovation, transformation and rational design of equipment, workshops and related supporting facilities, but also paper, ink, varnish, Improvement and expansion of performance and adaptability of printing consumables such as blankets, rubber rollers, fountain solutions and additives. In addition, the application of scientific methods and means to technological innovation of traditional methods of operation and production processes to achieve the goal of reducing production costs, improving production efficiency and product quality, is also an important way to achieve green printing technology. Therefore, in the direction of green printing technology, the most important thing is to change the concept of production management and production management, and change the traditional backward production process.
2. Scientific planning and design of the production environment
The practice shows that the production environment of the printing factory is suitable, which has a greater impact on production cost, production efficiency and product quality. Therefore, it is very important to scientifically and rationally design the production process and workshop layout. This requires that the raw materials, scraps, semi-products and finished products between the upper and lower processes in the production process should be kept at the most convenient and shortest distance. The flow state, which can reduce the frequency of use of elevators or forklifts, and better save valuable energy. Then, considering the printing and processing of carton and color box products, the main features are large area of raw paper, semi-finished products and finished products, heavy materials, large production quantity, and also need to cut paper, glaze, film, bronzing, mold. Cut the supporting production process, therefore, the layout design of the plant should consider the printing and original paper warehouse, paper cutting, glazing, calendering, laminating, bronzing, die cutting and other downstream processing equipment, arranged in a streamlined operation. To reduce the labor required for material transfer in the production process and the cost of transportation inputs. For machines that print fine, high-grade color prints, it is best to separate the presses with glass walls and install air conditioning equipment separately. This not only provides constant temperature and humidity printing, but also better prevents deformation of the base paper and improves product quality. Overprinting accuracy, reducing the rate of non-conforming products. In addition, for offset presses that use powder release and alcohol dampening, exhaust and suction dust devices should be installed to reduce the pollution of the production environment, and to ensure the health of the production operators and ensure the printing quality of the products. Therefore, through the optimized design of the printing production environment, the production process is moving towards a green and environmentally friendly direction, which is also a problem that should be considered when the printing factory organizes production.
3. Focus on the development of emerging plate making processes
The traditional offset printing process takes a lot of manpower and material resources from the output, development and fixing of the film to the exposure, development and revision of the printing process, and the printing process is uncomfortable due to the characteristics of the plate. There are many examples of the increase in paper consumption. The use of the new C T P plate-making process not only reduces the waste of waste liquids that are harmful to the human body and the environment, but also eliminates the damage of ultraviolet light to the human body and the pollution of the air, which brings good news to the environment. The C T P version made of thermal or violet laser can eliminate the need to make film film processes and reduce the intermediate level of the production process, which is conducive to improving plate production efficiency and product reproduction quality. However, due to the plate making in the form of heat-sensitive or violet laser, the exposure process is still subjected to chemical development and water rinsing processes, and chemical developer and tap water are consumed in the production. Therefore, from the perspective of low carbon environmental protection, It still has something unsatisfactory. Therefore, if there is a factory that intends to develop a new process for making plates, consider the development of an environmentally friendly CTP plate-making process for process-free plates. This process is only a simple and quick process such as removal of plate ablation waste and application of protective rubber. From this point of view, the CTP plate material is more outstanding than the CTP plate material of the thermal or violet laser. In general, no matter which CTP plate making process is used, they have obvious technical advantages and market application potential compared with traditional plate making processes, especially shortening the plate making cycle, improving plate making efficiency and reducing plate making. The overall cost of the production chain, therefore, CTP is a new direction for the current and future printing industry to achieve green printing plate.
4. Pay attention to the control and control of production technology
For the printing production process, whether the technical control and control are in place is not only related to the production efficiency and the printing quality of the product, but also directly affects the consumption of raw materials and the cost of production. Therefore, in the process of organizing production, attention should be paid to the analysis of the structure of the product and the characteristics of the production process, and then the printing production process should be scientifically and rationally determined according to the product structure, the characteristics of the substrate and the performance of the machine. For example, some on-the-spot products that are sensitive to ink-skin are used to avoid the problem of printing ink and skin defects, resulting in a large number of unqualified products and large consumption of raw paper. The advantage of multi-color printing machine can be utilized to split the field version. Do two overprints to complete, so that the ink defects in the first printed real-world layout, after the second solid layout, the ink defect is obviously reduced or even disappeared, so the printing yield of the product is greatly improved. It is. For example, printing a flat-screen color block containing a four-color overprint is most likely to cause print streaks, chromatic aberrations, or defects in the quality of the ink stick, resulting in product failure and scrapping. I have encountered such problems in quality management in the past: The use of four-color flat screen printing of packaging products containing color blocks, the emergence of obvious ink bars, spots and chromatic aberrations, resulting in some printing products customers can not accept the consequences of scrapping . In this regard, after the comparative analysis, the author changed the four-color flat mesh color block in the original layout to the color block of the printing spot color, so that the printing ink bar, the spot and the chromatic aberration will be better overcome. Quality is recognized by customers. Therefore, the author believes that when undertaking orders and arranging production processes, it is necessary to carefully consider the characteristics of the products and determine scientific and rational technological solutions to avoid the loss of raw materials caused by the blindness of the production process.
5. Pay attention to selecting the right printing process according to product characteristics
For the printing products with different characteristics, the printing process can be used to reduce the production consumption and save the raw materials and energy.
5.1 Select the printing process based on the printed area of the product layout. Some products print in small quantities and print only a few square centimeters of printed area. If the printing factory has light embossing or flexo printing equipment, you can consider making a resin plate for printing, which not only has low plate making cost, but also Printing energy consumption is also small, which can better balance production efficiency and product printing quality.
5.2 Select the appropriate printing process based on the number of products. For those orders with a particularly large number of prints and perennial production, it is best to consider the use of web offset presses or flexo presses for printing, so that printing can eliminate the edge of the paper, which greatly improves the use of the base paper. rate. If there is a product in the back, it can also save the adhesive material. Therefore, the rational selection of the printing production process saves raw materials, which not only meets the development direction of low-carbon printing production, but also increases the profit of printing production.
5.3 Choose the right printing process based on the performance of the printed material. Some special paper printing products with poor ink absorption have a solid printing surface on the surface. If the offset printing process is adopted, the ink coating amount is difficult to make the solid version of the paper surface completely due to the limitation of oil and water repelling and the principle of ink and water balance. In the saturated state, only the laser printing process, the embossing process or the silk screen process can achieve the saturated quality effect of the solid printing of the special paper. Therefore, for the printing of the solid version or the product containing the text on the special paper with poor ink absorption, it is best to satisfy the printing quality effect. It is best not to use the offset printing process, and the printing process by the embossing process or the silk screen printing process as appropriate. However, if the field version contains small text, it is best to split the text and the field version into two versions for printing, in order to better prevent the occurrence of printing paste defects.
5.4 It is reasonable to adopt a large-format printing process according to the structure and quantity of the product. According to the structure and quantity of the products, the rational application of large-format printing machines is also the choice for green printing. Some printing factories believe that large-format printing presses are used to print long-line printing products without considering the structure of the product. The result is counterproductive, not only does not improve production efficiency and product quality, but also greatly increases production consumption. Therefore, large format printers are best suited for printing carton products and other large format printing products. If you do not consider the characteristics and structure of the product, and only consider the large amount of printing, you will need to cut the small size carton, paper bag or other small-size trademarks that need to be cut and die-cut, and compare the precision of the plate overprinting. Products with high and thin materials are also printed in large format for printing. Therefore, for such a blind printing process, it is not only easy to affect the production efficiency and quality of die cutting, cutting or punching. The increase in the consumption of raw paper may even cause some of the products of the layout to be scrapped because the quality does not meet the standard requirements. Therefore, the author believes that the large format printing machine is suitable for printing production batches, and should also have the characteristics of large finished products and thick paper products, in order to maximize the performance and production efficiency of the equipment.
6. Pay attention to choosing the right raw materials
Raw materials are the main part of printing production, which is the main component of printing production cost, and also the source of printing quality. Therefore, starting from the green printing process, we must pay attention to the control of raw materials, but also pay attention to the matching of raw material characteristics and printing process adaptability. In order to maximize production.
6.1 Choose the right paper and the right printing process. Paper is the main component of printing production costs. The difference in paper types and quality grades is the main regulation affecting production consumption and quality of products. Reasonable selection of the appropriate paper type and quality according to the use of the product is an important measure to achieve rational use of valuable natural resources. Therefore, according to the price and complexity of the goods, as well as the characteristics of the goods and the basic requirements of packaging protection, it is a crucial control link to select the appropriate paper type and quality level for printing production. The author believes that it is necessary to improve the packaging quality effect of the original paper through reasonable adjustment and control of the process technology to avoid waste of resources caused by excessive packaging and luxury packaging. In addition, according to the characteristics of the base paper, the corresponding process can be selected to better improve the printing quality of the product. For example, if the paper or paperboard with bright surface and poor gloss performance is printed on a relatively large amount of ink, if the offset printing process is used for printing, the quality effect will be unsatisfactory, and depending on the number of printing and the structural characteristics of the layout, Printing by flexo, gravure or silk screen printing, the quality effect will be better balanced, and the non-conforming products will be greatly reduced.
6.2 Choose environmentally friendly inks for printing. Ink is one of the main materials that affect the printing quality and production consumption of products. From the environmental protection and sustainable development of the production process, the ink should be non-toxic, odorless, free of lead, chromium, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, antimony, Harmful substances such as fluorescent substances, and other harmful solvents, etc. Therefore, it is a social responsibility of printing companies to select inks that do not contain harmful substances or harmful substances below the relevant standards. Especially for printing products involving food packaging, it is necessary to use environmentally-friendly inks for printing. Since the water-based ink is water and ethanol, it is a non-toxic solvent, and the safety relative coefficient is high, which can better avoid packaging. The ink contaminates the food by migration or the like. Therefore, the gravure or flexo printing process should select environmentally friendly water-based ink for printing. The embossing and offset printing can also be printed with U V ink, which has a fast drying speed and can avoid the pollution problem caused by the use of dusting and anti-sticking. In addition, the offset printing process can also be printed with soybean environmentally friendly inks, because it uses soybean oil to replace the mineral oil in the ink, and the soy oil-based ink made by the company replaces the ordinary petroleum-based ink, which can better avoid the pollution of the product.
6.3 Select the appropriate plate for printing. Relatively speaking, the P S version of the offset printing process is the most economical plate material, especially the application of the C T P plate making process, which makes the P S version more green and environmentally friendly. However, the P S version of different brands, there are also some differences in price and print quality effects. According to the author's production management experience, it is important to fully consider the procurement cost and printing quality of the plate. It is important to select the plate according to the characteristics of the printing plate in order to control the printing production efficiency, quality and production cost. maximize. For example, the P-VI type PS version is thinner and has unevenness. The sun-made screen pattern is easy to cause inconsistency in the depth of the screen surface, especially the layout of the flat screen structure, making it easier to print. There are obvious differences in the depth of the mesh pattern, which affects the printing quality of the product. However, the plate after printing with the plate has less dirty spots and less time for revision, so it is more suitable for products with large blank spaces. The coating of the P-VF type PS plate material is thick and uniform. However, the plate after the printing plate has more dirty spots, it takes a lot of labor and time to repair the plate, and the dirty spots on the edge of the printing plate are difficult to clean. It is easy to repair the plate. Based on this feature of the P S version, we use this plate to make a large layout or a large dot layout, so that the probability of dirty spots is low, and the production efficiency of the printing plate is improved. In view of the respective characteristics and production advantages and disadvantages of the above two types of plates, as well as the diversification of our company's product structure, we will purchase the appropriate quantities of PS plates of two different characteristics and prices, so that when used According to the structure and characteristics of the printed product layout, we choose the plate with the corresponding characteristics for plate making. If the printed product is full version of the woven pattern, line version, and field version, we will use the PS version of P-VF type. For the layout with large blank area and small lines, we use P-VI PS plate to make the production efficiency, product quality and plate cost better.
In summary, the transition to the green printing process requires us to get rid of the misunderstanding. The green printing process is not a simple equipment replacement, but a scientific design and production process based on the actual conditions of the factory. The combination of reasonable control to promote the adjustment of production structure and the transformation and upgrading of the process, in order to get out of a green printing production development model based on low energy consumption, low emissions and low pollution. Therefore, the continuous development and evolution of the times requires that we should pay attention to environmental protection work from the ideological point of view, pay attention to the positive role of resources conservation to enterprises, and correctly handle the relationship between the immediate interests of enterprises and long-term interests, so that enterprises can achieve green printing and A win-win situation for economic benefits.