Provide a reliable color management standard for print production processes
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Craig Revi, Principal Consultant, FFEIRIP and Process Development Group. In the "ISO/TC130 in China - Printing Standardization Development Forum", he highlighted the standards developed by the TC130 to provide a reliable system for color management printing production processes. This article is compiled by the editor of HC Printing Network according to his speech.
In today's report, I would like to give you a brief introduction on how we can use some of the standards developed by the TC130 to provide a reliable system for our color management print production processes. I think there is currently no extensive use in China, the color management process of the entire print production. But I have heard many industry experts say that these printers are preparing color wax systems, which is why they need to know more standards. They will do this more easily in the future, because China is now a member of the TC130 and is making an intentional contribution to the development of this set of standards.
Although my lecture today has no way to provide you with more detailed information about each standard, I hope that through this lecture, I can provide you with some information on how these standards work with coordination. First, let's take a look at the process steps of the printing production that is currently in use. This picture shows the main aspects of the printing production that everyone is currently using.
First, the image is acquired by a digital camera, edited by software, and saved as a standard image file. The image file is placed into the document along with other page elements, such as text and graphics, and becomes a PDF file. PDF documents can be printed by hard copy or by soft copy, and finally the document can be printed by a conventional printer or digital press. Here I would like to ask such a question, in order to ensure the acquisition and printing of colors, which color management standards are required as the photographer would like.
In order to answer this question, from the printing press to the image acquisition, editing, document creation, and finally proofing, the entire process to make an explanation, I will point out the most critical points in the entire process, and in these links need Which standards are used. First of all, we have to define a reference for the traditional printing machine, so that we can know what will happen after the printing machine is printed. Our usual practice is not to measure the characteristics of each press, but to develop a typical press as a reference, then adjust the state of each press to match the reference press, the metric to the reference press The measurement also defines the printing conditions of the reference.
The five steps defining the reference printer A-E are given in this projection. First of all, the reference printing machine should be set. The setting process should be carried out according to the parameters defined by ISO12647. This parameter includes the tone value curve of the LAB of the four-color ink. These must be completed, and special care must be taken during the setting process. The printing press is operated under normal conditions without mechanical failure.
The second step B is to use a suitable ink and print using a standard ink lower than that specified in ISO 2846.
The third step C is to be prepared and determined by the characterization printing table defined by ISO 12642. When printing the test chart, care should be taken to ensure the solid and key curve of the primary ink, as far as possible to meet the requirements of the standard.
In the fourth step D, select some samples that can meet the standard on the field and the key curve, and test them. There will be some small deviations in the samples, the data will be processed, and if necessary, Do some smoothing.
In the fifth step E, the previously measured characterization data can be released. If the defined organization is approved by the ICC, these standardized data may be published on the ICC website. Reference conditions can be used as a general condition in the future for the designer and printer of the document.
The next step is to set up the traditional press to match the reference printing conditions. Because not every press is very tightly matched to the reference print conditions, we need to perform some calibration on the press to match the conditions of the reference press. Some organizations have developed calibration methods, such as Fogra, and the International Digital Enterprise Alliance, which have developed methods for printer calibration to match printer conditions, which are also in ISO 10128.
This standard describes the following three correction methods. The first method is a method of matching the tone value. This method is to adjust the actual printer, and the four tone tone curve can match the actual reference data. The second method is called the neutral ladder method, which adjusts the actual press so that he can match on the four-color field and the neutral step, which requires additional software support. The third method is to use the conversion method from CMYK to CMYK. This method uses a special conversion, usually implemented by ICC's connection property file. This file is defined in ISO 15076. These methods of calibration provide us with a variety of means to adjust the printing process and provide matching printing equipment. The following is the creation, editing and exchange of images. First, ICC properties files for each image are created. According to ISO17321, it is very important to accurately specify specific colors when making clothing products. Therefore, we are These images need to include some test tables at the time of creation, which is the test chart for the color management of the digital camera, creating text for each image. This image may be converted to other colors in the middle, along with other documents. The third step is to create a document. It is very important to be able to create a document that is interpreted by different people in the same way. Otherwise, the result of the document detection will vary from person to person, and the document creator cannot express his or her intention. When using the four-color printing process, the purpose can be achieved by using printing conditions.
Create a standard document step, as shown below, after we have used standard printing conditions to calibrate the press, we can collect his characterization data and then create a profile filed by ISO15076. PDF/X documents can be created according to the guidelines defined by ISO15930. If we need to use variable data printing, we must adopt the PDF/VT standard according to the definition of ISO16612. Documents created in this way provide a clear and clear means of communication for the creator and printer of the document. If there is any controversy about the results of the printing in the future, you can compare the printed matter with the document to see if it is the problem of the document creator or the printer's mistake.
Soft proofing and hard proofing, according to the documents defined by the reference printing conditions, can also be reliably proofed. Because both the proofer and the press have been calibrated to the reference printing conditions, they can get a reliable matching proof. If the display can comply with the ISO12646 standard, soft proofing can be used. This standard is becoming more and more important, because our manufacturers hope to reduce the production time. This method of proofing is also very useful when printing off-site. For example, documents are created in London and printed in China.
Although the requirements for display are defined by some specifications, the specific specifications on how to perform verification and inspection control have not yet been worked out. This is one aspect of the TC130's work. The requirement for hard copy proofing has been specified in the ISO12647-7 standard. We need to perform calibration work and match the reference conditions to ensure that the proofs are consistent with the printed matter. When comparing hard copy proofs and prints, standard viewing conditions, such as light boxes on the map, are used. The observation environment is defined in the ISO 3664 standard.
At present, ISO has not defined the control standard in the process of digital printing. Because digital printing uses the front-end part of the whole production process, the result of digital printing can let the designer see his design and print it in the future. What is it. In general, digital presses do not meet the requirements of ISO 12647, but even if the front end of the entire production process is relatively good, it is very important to be able to obtain prints that meet the reference printing conditions.
For this reason, the TC130 is developing a standard for verifying printing. In today's printing production process, we have seen the key link in the entire printing production process, how to control him to ensure the smooth production. This is not an idealized goal, but a system and standard that is being used every day in many parts of the world. For example, current printing buyers also insist that the printing house should print according to ISO12647 and follow this specification.
For this reason, the TC130 is developing a standard for verifying printing. In today's printing production process, we have seen the key link in the entire printing production process, how to control him to ensure the smooth production. This is not an idealized goal, but a system and standard that is being used every day in many parts of the world. For example, current printing buyers also insist that the printing house should print according to ISO12647 and follow this specification.
How do we test this workflow? Users want a simple, easy-to-use step to ensure the entire process, so that the final color results are reliable and accurate.
A solution that uses standard color image data to test the entire workflow. ISO/TC130 has developed a series of image sets for testing the entire production process, from the acquisition of the scene to the production of the final print, and he can provide us with a means to test all aspects of color management. ISO 22028 defines a concept called image state, from the acquisition of the scene to the final printing. Not every step is used in every case. For example, a digital camera can shoot directly and has been converted to an image in a common color space. In order to test the production process, some of the standards developed by ISO are listed in the ISO standard encoding under the projection. You can see the image set corresponding to different color spaces.