On Strengthening the Production Management Domain of Printing Enterprises
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First. Introduction
The production capacity of printing enterprises refers to the appearance of plant building, water supply and power supply, equipment installation and layout, drainage system and industrial ventilation, printing process and technical personnel. In the domestic and international market trading activities, especially before the realization of large orders, customers often request to visit the company. Therefore, the operation status of the printing company has become the primary factor affecting the customer's first impression, and it is also the key link to obtain the order.
Nowadays, many enterprises have established various enterprise management information systems; computer network facilities have reached a certain scale. Investigating the status quo of informationization construction of printing enterprises, analyzing the development requirements of enterprises, and evaluating the strength of enterprise infrastructure management competitiveness, it is generally insufficient in the following aspects:
First of all, a large number of electronic graphic files generated after the completion of the basic facilities lack effective management techniques. Secondly, there is no organic connection between the various systems of enterprise fist product development, which often requires repeated input of data. The overall efficiency is low, the information transmission is not timely, and the inaccuracy affects the trust of customers. In addition, after the construction of physical conditions such as computer networks, there is a lack of software environment for parallel operation, and the production process for large orders is difficult to monitor.
Computer integrated technology is in Computer Aided Design CAD (Computer-Aided Design) is a common application-oriented integration model for printing companies. The obvious shortcomings mentioned above can be said to be new problems in the development of integrated technology. In order to make enterprise informationization enter a new stage, it is necessary to strive to develop and apply product data management system PDM (Product Data Management System), realize data sharing, personnel coordination, process optimization, shorten production cycle, improve product quality, and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.
PDM systems have been widely studied and applied in developed countries, and many domestic enterprises are also trying to implement them. In China, CAD and computer-aided process planning CAPP (Computer Aided Process Planning) and error correction process ERP (Error Recovery Procedure) has been developed independently in recent years. Because printing companies often use software systems compiled by different manufacturers and at different times, it hinders the transmission of digital information in different systems, and it is difficult to establish a management model with its own advantages. In the process of implementing PDM in printing enterprises, the realization of CAD/CAPP/PDM/ERP integration is not only a hot topic in current technical theory research, but also an urgent task for enterprises to achieve strong competitiveness.
Second, build a CAD/CAPP/PDM/ERP based platform based on PDM
1. Principle of CAD/CAPP and PDM system integration method
The integration technology problems of PDM and computer automatic exchange system CAX (Computer Automatic Exchange) application systems have been a hot research topic with the development of CAX technology. To sum up, the application integration of PDM and related CAX application systems can be summarized into the graph shown in Figure 1 according to the closeness of its logical relationship.
2. The main mode of CAD/CAPP integration with PDM system
The three modes that constitute the subject are described as follows:
2.1 Application package mode. As an integrated platform, PDM package CAD, CAPP and even operational analysis OA (Operation Analysis) and other application software, they can be directly activated in the PDM system, the operation has a unified interface, and the data generated by them is managed in a unified manner, so that different application systems can realize information sharing. The package includes both the application tool itself and the data files generated by the application tool, and the association between the data file and the application tool can still be maintained in the PDM environment. Achieve data and operations with a unified model interface and logical independence.
The application packaging mode is characterized in that the data files generated by the application tools and application tools are relatively independent, the data files generated by each application tool can be recognized by the PDM system, and automatically registered; the activated registration file will be in the PDM system. The corresponding application tool is directly called for editing; the application encapsulation mode is applicable to various application systems that generate all the data in the form of a file, and it can only manage the files generated by the application system as a whole, and cannot manage the data inside the file.
2.2 Interface exchange mode. In package mode, PDM cannot manage data inside CAX files, such as feature attributes, parameters, and assembly relationships. An interface program must be written to extract the data or data model that needs to be shared between the application system and the PDM system, and define it into the overall model of the PDM system. In addition to sharing part of the data model, each application system has its own private data model.
The interface exchange mode is characterized in that, on the basis of the application package, under the guidance of the shared data model between the application system and the PDM system, some data objects of the application system are automatically created into the PDM system through the data exchange interface. Or extract some data objects needed by the application system from the PDM system to make them consistent.
To achieve this model, it is necessary to understand the organization of the product or infrastructure structure in the application system, and also to understand or design the organizational form in the PDM system in order to be converted.
2.3 Tight integration mode. In this mode, different application systems become an integral part of the PDM system. They can not only share data, but also share operational services. The application system or PDM system can call related services, perform related operations, and form more. Close relationship, truly integrated.
When adopting the tight integration mode, it is necessary to analyze the information of each application system and the facility or product structure information of the PDM system in detail, and formulate a unified product data structure relationship. When the shared data is created or modified in one system, the related data of the other system is updated at the same time, so as to ensure the consistency of the data between the two parties.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the application package can satisfy the integration of the file sharing; the interface exchange extracts and generates the shared information model of the two systems on the basis of the application package, and realizes the operation of the internal data of the file; the tight integration is the highest level. The idealized integration method allows two systems to call related services, perform related operations, and truly realize system integration. Its implementation puts high demands on the openness of the two systems and the detailed understanding within the system. At present, integrations that can achieve such high requirements, only application software and PDM software originate from users of the same manufacturer.
Third, the CAD/CAPP/PDM integration of the printing enterprise
After the CAD, CAPP, and ERP are gradually implemented by printing companies, in order to further improve work efficiency and increase efficiency, PDM will be required to be applied. The CAD, CAPP, ERP and PDM software used are often not from the same software vendor. Obviously, these companies will pay special attention to the economics of investment and the difficulty of implementation. They are required to use the original CAD and CAPP software tools as much as possible, maintain their software and hardware investment, digitize historical technical data and documents, and maintain their original engineering design. Habits and software tools reduce the artificial resistance and difficulty of system upgrades, save investment, and see results quickly. In this case, it is difficult to achieve tight integration. Theoretical analysis from integration technology is also not ideal. However, a reasonable strategy is adopted to develop a PDM system to meet the requirements of users, and CAD/CAPP/PDM integration can also be realized.
1. Main technical problems and solutions
The main technical problems of CAD/CAPP/PDM integration in printing enterprises are summarized as: establishing a unified operating environment of CAD/CAPP on PDM; realizing the effective management of various documents generated by CAD/CAPP; expression of the relationship between the main production facilities and equipment, mainly Extraction of parameters and their transfer between systems.
The three problems that will be attributed are based on reasonable strategies and the solutions are as follows:
1.1 Package CAD/CAPP software in PDM, implement workflow management with menu and message driver, and implement document management in electronic warehouse.
After defining the project process, the process can be implemented in the form of a menu. In PDM, the menu or message driver calls CAD and CAPP software to sequentially print the print design, formulate the process and proofread, review, approve and other work processes. The progress of the project is recorded in the PDM project process library, as shown in Figure 2. . Due to network resource sharing, parallelized process management can greatly improve work efficiency. Make each business project process more orderly, reasonable, structured and easy to control. Ensure the production cycle of the printed products, so that the delivery time according to the contract is accurate.
Save the drawing document generated by CAD/CAPP on a specified path of the server, and save its description information (such as file name, file type, file length, creation date, creator, version, and access path) in the PDM database. In the process, the correspondence between each process or equipment component and the drawing document and the application software is established, and the actual physical location of the storage is blocked. When a user obtains a backup of the map document, it can be copied to his own space via PDM. The legitimacy and authority of the user are judged and controlled by PDM. All users do not understand the physical location of the source file, nor can it modify it. However, PDM provides the function of obtaining the corresponding technical documents through various processes or device parts. Encryption and decryption algorithms can also be used in the process of importing and exporting documents. It is only through the PDM system that the decrypted map documents can be backed up, further preventing the possibility of leaking.
1.2 Through the secondary development of the drawing software into the interface file of the image file information, the product structure and basic information are extracted and transmitted for the PDM. The printing enterprise basic facilities equipment parts or printed product production information, all use two-dimensional software, the graphics have a complete graphical representation of the matching relationship (or assembly relationship) that can be directly understood by the computer. The process or parts list in the assembly diagram of each level reflects the matching hierarchical relationship on the one hand, and becomes the basic organizational basis for PDM unit management and image file management; on the other hand, the schedule is also important information for management, which is the guidance material. The important data of the supply department and the production and operation department are the main targets for ERP use. Therefore, the key to information integration between systems is schedule processing.
In fact, the schedule does not meet the complex management domain needs of the printing enterprise. For example, the most important concern of the production and operation department is the basic operation supervision program BOM (Basic The operating cycle information of the Operating Monitor, the material supply department needs the BOM of ink and paper, and the safety production department closely watches the operation of the BOM of the workshop facilities (such as elevators) and equipment (such as offset presses). As the production department of BOM, the printed product design and quality inspection department should provide the most comprehensive design BOM covering the information of each department's requirements, and then obtain various BOM views required by various application departments through PDM system or ERP system.
The technical solution implementation steps can be: rewriting the part number labeling and detail table editing module of the CAD software, so that it can be supplemented with management information such as production cycle, raw material supply, safe operation of facilities and equipment, etc., and then pass through intermediate files during labeling or tabulation. The printed BOM of the product is created in the PDM database.
1.3 Document retrieval, graphical browsing and circle reading in PDM. The power supply and distribution facilities of a printing enterprise are made up of multiple electrical appliances; one printing equipment is composed of multiple departments; one printing product has to undergo multiple operations in three sections: pre-press, printing and post-press. Processed. In the PDM system, based on the electronic warehouse, the BOM is used as a framework to manage its various units (or components) through the assembly and composition of the product, and graphically present to the user. Due to the complexity of the printing company, the "product" is a broad concept, which can be a facility, a device, or a printed product. This allows the user to have an intuitive overall understanding of the entire product and the various parts of the relationship. In addition, through the relationship between each part and related documents, while managing the product structure, the document is also effectively organized. When the user wants to obtain the relevant documents of a certain unit, he only needs to retrieve the part by using the product structure diagram. , you can get the relevant documentation.
In order to facilitate the user to retrieve documents, PDM should provide preview function of the map document, and must develop corresponding preview tools and interfaces. Users can open CAD/CAPP chart documents and even zoom, pan, rotate and other operations. In addition, in the process of implementing workflow management, various technical drawing documents in the proofreading and review process should be able to be circled and annotated. All of the above operations are required to ensure that the original documents and graphics are not changed; the content of the circle is saved and circulated as an annotation file.
The implementation of these operations is closely related to the type of software of the CAD/CAPP or the type of the drawing document. Application package or online execution program OLE (On-Line)Executive) technology seamlessly integrates the corresponding browsing and review tools into the PDM system.