Introduction of ISO 9000 in printing factory management
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Summary
Under the circumstance of promoting the ISO 9000 series, how should the printing industry respond? Does the requirement in ISO 9000 really meet the needs of the printing house? Therefore, I will discuss how the management of the printing house should comply with the provisions of ISO 9000, and describe the possible problems of ISO 9000 and the benefits that may be obtained if ISO 9000 certification is achieved.
preface
First, Research motivation and background
In the implementation of the ISO 9000 ethos, how to make the printing industry catch up with this wave of trends, and achieve international standards of quality requirements? Obtaining an ISO 9000 certificate is not the end of quality, but the beginning of the system, but before meeting the quality management standards required by ISO 9000, think about the requirements of ISO 9000 for the printing industry, it is really to improve the productivity of the printing industry. A good way to print quality?
Second, the purpose of the study
ISO 9000 is promoted from a large enterprise to a small enterprise, from a central factory to an outsourcing factory, and even from a business model to an individual's consumption pattern. This wave of offensives has also set off a lot of "commercial quality," Financial quality, medical quality, administrative quality, marketing quality, etc., etc., have not been raised for a long time, like a whirlwind, invading a long-term calm and unwavering industry. In order to achieve more and more universal quality requirements (ISO 9000), what kind of countermeasures should the printing industry take? This is what I am going to explore.
literature discussion
In this part, I will discuss it in two parts, namely:
First, ISO 9000 certification
Second, the general printing factory organization to discuss the relevant literature.
First, ISO 9000 international standard certification
ISO (International Organization for Standardization) is an organization formed by members of the world's multinational standards bodies to develop and issue international standards. Each Member State has the right to send representatives to the committee when it is interested in a project under the control of a certain type of technical committee. Any government or non-government international organization that participates in the ISO standard can participate in the development of ISO standards.
The ISO system is to assist the international exchange of goods and services more smoothly, eliminate the "obstacles" between each other, and provide the standards and related activities for the development of global knowledge, science, technology and economic activities. To enhance international assistance to achieve uniform standards while promoting its development.
The ISO 9000 series of standards was completed in March 1987 by the TC176 (technical committee name) in the ISO organization. In May of the same year, Germany adopted the German national standard (Diniso 9000 Series). In December of the same year, it became the common standard of 18 countries in Europe (including the twelve countries of the Common Market and the six countries of the Free Trade Association such as Austria), and was renamed the EN29000 series of standards. The ISO 9000 was first revised in 1994 and is expected to be revised a second time in 2000. Generally speaking, ISO 9000 certification refers to ISO 9001, ISO 9002 or ISO 9003 certification. The relevant international standards involved in ISO 9000 certification include ISO 8402, ISO 9000, ISO 9001, ISO 9002, ISO 9003, ISO 9004, ISO 10011, ISO 10012, ISO 10013, etc., and a summary description of the above international standards is provided. :
(I) ISO 8402: This international standard is a vocabulary that defines "quality management and quality assurance."
(2) ISO 9000: The purpose of this international standard is to clarify the "differences and interrelationships between important quality concepts" and to provide "the criteria for which international standards should be adopted by the quality system" so that "users" can International Standards are used for "internal quality management" and "external quality assurance."
(3) ISO 9001: A quality assurance model that includes design/development, production installation and after-sales service.
(4) ISO 9002: It is a quality assurance model that includes production, installation and after-sales service.
(5) ISO 9003: A quality assurance model for final inspection and testing.
(6) ISO 9004: It is the guiding outline for the implementation of quality management and quality system, which makes any enterprise follow the promotion of quality management.
ISO 9004 can be divided into the following sections:
1.1994 Guideline
2.1991 Service Industry Guidance Outline
3.1993 Guideline for Processing Materials
4.1993 Outline of Quality Improvement Guidelines.
(7) ISO 10011: This international standard is the guiding outline for quality system audit.
(8) ISO 10012: This international standard is the quality assurance requirement for measuring instruments.
(IX) ISO 10013: This international standard is the guiding outline for the development of the quality manual. The ISO 9000 series certification was originally applied only to the contract between the buyer and the seller, but since it was fixed in 1987, it has brought considerable shock to the companies around the world, and the results after implementation have far exceeded the original expectations.
ISO 9001, ISO 9002 or ISO 9003 is intended to confirm that the seller can provide a standard range and business model that satisfies the products or services required by the buyer; and ISO 9004 refers to the internal quality of the seller when promoting ISO 9001, ISO 9002 or ISO 9003. Description of the guarantee system operation rules.
In summary, in order to establish a common model of audit quality before the product or service is used, the ISO 9000 series has developed a set of regulatory references, including the formulation of the buyer and seller contracts, and the design specifications. And confirmation, management of procurement operations, incoming inspection, storage facility and picking requirements, process control, final inspection, finished product packaging, warehousing and delivery management, various handling operations from incoming to delivery, inspection and test identification status , non-conforming product control, corrective measures and statistical analysis, measurement equipment calibration management, education and training, quality records, document control, management responsibility and quality policy, after-sales service and other operations management, as the basis for the execution and monitoring quality of buyers and sellers .
In Singapore, for example, the ISO 9000 certification standard has been adopted since 1988, and more than 300 companies have obtained this certification. The original GMP system (Good Manufacturing Practice Scheme, GMP for short) is changed to the ISO 9000 certification system. The original GMP qualified factory is required to pass the ISO 9000 series certification before it can be exported. If it does not pass the ISO 9000 series certification, it can only Sold locally in Singapore. It can be seen that the ISO 9000 series certification is unquestionable for the credibility of international quality assurance.
Which industry is suitable for the ISO 9000 series certification? The combination of the ISO 9000 series, which is the current version of 1987, consists mainly of two aspects. First, the main body of work is ISO 9001, ISO 9002 and ISO 9003. The first is the work instruction outline, which provides the selection and description of the main work of the work work, which are ISO 9000 and ISO 9004. However, due to the current version of the content, the manufacturing regulations are more specific and feasible. The manufacturing industry can formulate a set of operating procedures for design, manufacture, inspection and delivery that satisfy the customer (buyer) in accordance with the requirements of the ISO 9000 series. From the tangible product manufacturing type, its design, manufacturing, inspection, delivery and other operational procedures are transformed into service types of intangible products.
The ISO 9000 series provides a sense of overall quality assurance of administrative processes for manufacturing and service providers, and requires a written system to transform the past “people”-based communication into a system-based approach. The way to communicate; to solve the various quality problems, not only rely on inspection, process and design to find the missing, but to let the members of each unit be responsible for the overall quality of the administrative work process Analyze the real quality issues.
Through the overall related process extended by the ISO 9000 series, people who have the heart, ability and experience of the company can be more effective; stand on the system to communicate, express their opinions, and let all relevant personnel more easily face up to the problem. And then propose various reforms; and in each process of improvement, no longer because of the "non-can not, but can not, but not for, but afraid of offending people" mentality, and sit back and ignore The overall understanding of the system has been corrected more concretely and effectively, without the establishment of a lack of institutions, which leads to unnecessary negative effects and better adaptations each time personnel management or change.
In this study, not only will ISO 9000 be put into the printing factory model, but also try to study what is not suitable for the printing industry in ISO 9000, and then discuss these places that are not suitable for the printing industry. .
Second, the general printing factory organization
The so-called organization refers to people, money, things, things under a certain common goal. . . . Waiting for efficiency and systematic coordination, making it a complete system. The basic elements of the organizational form are: the division of departments, the occurrence of authority, and the establishment of relationships among various departments. And a sound organization must have: clarify the nature of the work classification and easy to coordinate, clarify the position and authority and easy to authorize, and establish various relationships to achieve coordination and cooperation.
The internal organization of the general printing factory includes the business department, the material department, the prepress department, the printing department, the binding department, and the personnel department. . . Wait, each department has its own role and each has its own role. It may not be so close (because each department can be independent as a small factory), but in terms of the operation of the entire plant. In order to make the operation smoother, the links between the departments are more important. If the internal control functions between departments are strengthened, the problems between departments and departments will be much reduced.