Introduction of fabric silk screen positioning and registration
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The process by which a dye or coating is patterned on a fabric by screen printing is referred to as a silk screen printing. With the rapid development of silk screen printing technology, fabric printing technology such as foam printing, fluorescent printing, luminous printing, pearl printing, conversion effect printing, electrochemical aluminum transfer printing, electrostatic flocking transfer printing, etc. have also been developed correspondingly, which makes the application of fabric The scope is broader. The colorful fabrics are more practical and have a certain artistic appreciation.
However, in order to obtain an ideal fabric silk screen printing product that meets the design requirements, in addition to the rational selection and deployment of the printing material, the positioning and registration of the fabric should be paid attention to during printing. Fabrics have a great influence on the positioning and the accuracy of overprinting due to their soft texture. Now we will introduce the positioning and registration of silk screen printing (suitable for manual silk screen printing).
First, silk screen positioning method
There are two kinds of silk screen printing methods: one is that the screen is fixed, and the substrate is moved. The other is screen movement (running version), the substrate is fixed. There are many ways to locate it;
1. Backing
For a substrate with a certain thickness and a neat edge, the longitudinal and lateral sides of the substrate can be positioned close to the fixed backing on the console.
2. Nesting method
For a substrate with holes, 2-3 holes can be identified as positioning holes, which are placed on the nails fixed on the table (the height of the nail is lower than the thickness of the substrate).
3. Illumination method
The operation table is made of a light transmissive material such as glass, and the light is placed below. For a substrate with a certain light transmittance, the base on the substrate and the baseline on the console are coincident by light to position and overprint.
4. Suction method
For small or thin substrates, the suction holes on the console are sucked and positioned.
5. Bonding method
The operation table is coated with an adhesive to adhere to the substrate and to be positioned in this way.
6. Platen method
Screen printing by screen movement (running version), the substrate is fixed on the long operation table in advance, and the rule holes on the screen are matched (can be inserted)
Second, the positioning of silk screen printing
1, for a small area of fabric with a certain thickness and hardness, such as clothing trademarks, brims, uppers, slings, etc. can be used to locate the mountain. If the substrate is too soft, the substrate can be sizing without affecting the silk screen effect and the use of the silk screen, so that it is "scrape" for positioning.
2, for clothing sheet, bed sheets, towels, pillowcase quilt cover, curtains, tablecloths and other large-area fabric printing, the substrate is softer, using the platen method positioning (running version) silk screen is appropriate.
Third, the platen method positioning
1. Platen construction
The platen is erected on the feet of wooden, iron or cement bricks and has a height of about 0.7 meters. The artificial leather is placed on the countertop, which is flat and tight without seams. Under the artificial leather, a cotton velvet blanket is used to make it have certain elasticity. A ruled hole is reserved on the side of the table. The advanced operation table is equipped with a water tank on both sides, and a drainage pipe is arranged at the end of the plate to wash the platen with water at the end of the silk screen printing.
The length of the platen depends on the area and quantity of the substrate, the speed at which the print is dried, the number of overprints, and production conditions. The long platen is over 100 meters. The length of the platen facilitates overprinting for mass production. If it is limited by the length of the plant, you can set up several short platens to solve.
In order to improve the utilization of the platen, especially for overprinting, the indirect steam pipe or the electric heating pipe is often installed under the countertop to keep the temperature of the countertop at about 45 °C. This is often referred to as hot plate screen printing. It is usually possible to use a cold platen that is not heated. Special printing on the hot plate should pay attention to the final silk screen effect.
2. Frame construction
The silk screen of the fabric is mostly made of wood or iron. Aluminum alloy pipe network frame has been widely used because of its light weight, firmness and rust resistance.
The silk screen frame of the fabric is the same as other screen printing frames. Only on the side of one side of the frame, about 2 cm from the horizontal frame, there are two threaded holes (hole spacing of 5 cm) that can be screwed with 6 cm (or 8 cm) screws (the length of the screw can be inserted into the regular hole on the platen). It is appropriate). The lower end of the same side of the frame also has two threaded holes. Screw on the four screws to use as the rule of the frame. It can be unscrewed when making the screen, and then screwed on when the screen is printed. It is very convenient.
3. Fixing of the fabric on the platen
One method is to adhere the perimeter of a single piece of fabric (not too large) to the platen with an adhesive tape. Another common method is to apply a layer of water-soluble (starch) slurry on the platen and flatten the fabric on the work surface to make it adhere.
Fourth, the accuracy of overprinting
The fabric is flattened and adhered to the platen. After the first color of the silk screen is printed, the printed material does not stick (slightly), and the second color and the third color can be set until the overprinting (including overprinting) is completed, and the printing is removed. Post-treatment (drying, fixing, pressing, etc.). Replace with a new substrate. The registration accuracy is improved by the tension tension of the entire color screen, the frame rule, and the consistency of the screen pattern registration at the same position.
1. Frame rules
The four rules on one side of the frame are the positioning devices for silk screen printing, so the positioning is still based on the rules when overprinting. The rules for the entire overprinting frame should be uniform and the error should be small. The rules and the gauge holes on the platen should not be too loose or too tight, too loose to affect the overprinting accuracy, too tight for the screen printing operation.
2. Screen production
The overprinting of the fabric should be based on the design original. When the screen is made, the color separation film should be overlapped to check whether the registration accuracy meets the design requirements. After the requirements are met, the horizontal and vertical reference lines are determined on each of the negative films. When making the screen, look for the reference line on the film, so that each film overlaps the reference line of each screen, so that the pattern can be made on the uniform part of each frame, so as to register the silk screen, which is also the fabric. The key to silk screen registration.
Most of the originals of the silk screen pattern of the fabric are drawn on the tracing paper and used directly as the negative film, so the registration reference line can be determined when drawing.
3. Overprinting order
The silk screen printing of the fabric is both practical and artistic. The printing sequence has a very important meaning for the good performance of silk screen printing and meeting the design requirements.
According to the color of the silk screen, the shade of the color, the size of the pattern, the difficulty of overprinting, the general printing special printing (appearing in the same silk printing), overprinting and overprinting, etc., select a reasonable printing sequence. The printing sequence is based on the final quality of the silk screen.
Usually, when ordinary printing (silk printing of dyes or coatings) and special printing (silk printing of foaming, luminous, pearling, etc.) are designed on the same silk screen, ordinary printing should be printed first and then special printing should be printed.
If you want to overprint a variety of colors, especially when you want to apply for overprinting, you should print a dark color first, then a light color. If overprinting and overprinting exist (meaning different colors), you can overprint and overprint. If the size of each pattern is very different, you can print small and large prints first.
The printing sequence cannot be considered from one aspect alone, and should be considered from all aspects in order to obtain an ideal fabric silk screen.