Disposal of waste in the printing industry
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The modern printing industry is known as "urban industry." As the standard of living of the people improves, people gradually realize the importance of environmental protection and the relationship between environmental protection and quality of life. The environmental protection issue of the printing industry has become a topic that people are currently studying and paying great attention to. China is now vigorously promoting a sustainable development strategy, and it is imperative to promote a joint waste treatment system in the printing industry.
First, the significance of environmental protection in the printing industry
When China joins the WTO, it must expand its exports. In addition to product performance, the green barriers in Western countries have often become an important factor limiting the export of our products.
The green barrier is the trade barriers formed by the mandatory and non-mandatory commodity standards and regulations formulated by the importing countries and the conformity assessment of the tested commodities, thereby improving the technical requirements of new products, increasing the difficulty of importing, and finally reaching the limit of imports. the goal of. It is mainly reflected in these aspects: green standards, green environmental signs, green packaging systems, green health quarantine systems, green subsidies, etc. This shows that whether prints are environmentally friendly will become another trade barrier.
In order to help the printing industry solve environmental problems, China should actively promote the joint processing system of printing waste, so that the printing industry can achieve a win-win situation in both environmental protection and economy, and thus enhance the international competitiveness of the industry.
The waste combined treatment system has a good intention and economic benefits, which is of great help to the printing industry to reduce waste. However, due to various factors, some printing companies in China rarely consider the relationship between printed matter and environmental protection. However, foreign developed printing regions have established corresponding waste treatment systems or joint processing systems, using the funds owned by each manufacturer and Resources, or jointly funded the construction or use of waste treatment plants to solve their environmental waste reduction problems and eliminate green barriers.
Second, the waste combined treatment system
At present, people's awareness of environmental protection in the city is constantly improving, and the requirements and regulations of environmental regulations issued by the state are getting higher and higher. The printing industry gradually feels that the problem of waste disposal in the printing industry is becoming more and more urgent. However, most of the printing enterprises in China belong to small and medium-sized enterprises, and many of them are located in the urban area. On the one hand, the willingness and ability to deal with pollution and prevention are obviously insufficient. On the other hand, the amount of waste is small, and the ability to handle it is relatively weak. The application of the waste combined treatment system in waste reduction in the printing industry can solve this kind of demand.
The waste combined treatment system can be divided into two types: a common treatment system and a joint treatment system.
1. The common treatment system is jointly invested by a printing factory that produces similar wastes to set up a treatment plant (field) to handle the printing industrial waste generated by the company.
2. The joint processing system is jointly invested by a printing enterprise that produces similar wastes in a society with waste disposal capacity, and is jointly responsible for processing printing industrial waste.
Third, the main pollution generated by printing companies
1. Environmental impact of printing materials
1 papermaking affects trees and environmental pollution;
2 non-degradability of plastic substrates.
2. Plate making operation chemical waste treatment
3. Chemical waste gas treatment
1 emissions of volatile inks and adhesives;
2 Exhaust gas emissions during molding of plastic substrates.
4. Printing machine operation noise and vibration
5. Post-press processing waste recycling
1 Binding cut shredded paper recycling;
2 plastic waste treatment and recycling.
6. Shipping method (transportation causes air pollution)
7. Air-conditioning energy supply (printing workshop needs constant temperature and humidity environment, huge air conditioning system causes air pollution)
8. In the production of ultraviolet light source to produce ozone, laser phototypesetting, computer applications will also pollute the environment.
At present, the wastes in the printing industry mainly include: waste paper, waste ink, waste ink cans, waste rags, waste plates, waste gas, waste chemical liquids, and the like. These wastes are in urgent need of a unified treatment to be recycled.
At present, most of the printing factories in China are concentrated in cities with relatively developed economy. The cost of waste cleaning and disposal is very high. However, the pollution of waste to the city requires the printing industry to reduce waste and must be disposed of. This creates a dilemma for the printing industry.
Fourth, the problem must be solved in the waste combined treatment system
It can be seen from the above that the establishment of the printing waste combined treatment system technology should first solve the following problems:
1. The name, quantity, source of production, and physical and chemical properties of printing industrial waste.
2. Printing industrial waste is currently dealing with current conditions and difficulties encountered.
3. Participate in the cooperation model between the processing system operators.
4. Inspection and recovery and emission indicators after printing industrial waste treatment.
In response to these wastes, research and treatment of recycling methods. According to the characteristics of the printing industry waste, it is possible to recycle the wastes according to the following treatments:
1. Waste ink treatment, specializing in the recycling and disposal of waste inks and ink tanks.
2. Wastewater treatment, specializing in the disposal and recycling of waste developer and wastewater.
3. Solvent recovery, specializing in the recovery and disposal of solvents.
4. The machine wipes the rag and the ink waste rag to deal with the cleaning and destruction of the rag.
5. Waste paper treatment, specializing in the recycling and disposal of waste paper
At the same time as establishing a joint processing system for printing waste, we should focus on technology development in the following two aspects:
1. Development and use of printing environmentally friendly new materials
It is strongly recommended that printing companies use non-polluting or low-pollution industrial production technologies to change the structure of raw materials and printed products to avoid waste generation. When a printing company produces printed matter, it should improve the printing method and process flow to ultimately reduce pollution.
2. Recycling of printing waste
In printing waste, we are actively looking for targets that can be recycled, including direct recycling in the factory, and then used in production lines or supplied to other plants for raw materials. For example: recycled paper, recycled media, etc.
Fifth, actively promote the joint processing system for waste in the printing industry
1. The state gives support in economic and policy
1 Actively give incentives such as financing loans, environmental fund grants and tax breaks to encourage the industry;
2 Study negative punitive measures, such as pollution discharge fees, pollution guarantees, etc., to accelerate the determination of the industry to promote.
2. Technical support and guidance from national research institutes
Providing technical guidance for the waste reduction industry in the printing industry and various treatment plants, helping the printing industry to effectively dispose of waste.
3. Establish a publicity system for the joint processing system of printing waste
The printing industry and associations should actively promote the report, and entrust the National Printing Industry Association to carry out propaganda and communication of various manufacturers, hold seminars and promote meetings. For the difficulties encountered, they should be actively excluded.
4. Solve the difficult problem of waste disposal
There are still many technical and practical difficulties in the disposal of waste, just like ink cans, different brands, different ingredients and solvents, so there is no same procedure and recycling conditions in disposal. Adding many unpredictable factors to the actual operation. The only way is to propose a solution as soon as possible, to make overall planning for packaging, size, and processing methods, and to establish feasible recycling conditions.
5. Solve financial difficulties
The printing waste combined treatment system requires a large amount of funds, and most of the printing plants belong to small and medium-sized enterprises. It is necessary for several enterprises to unite, and actively seek bank and government financial support while increasing relative funds.
6. Actively improve the environmental awareness of the printing industry
China's printing companies have long been passively accepting environmental awareness. Over time, they have formed an indifference and indifference to environmental protection. They are not enough: more importantly, manufacturers may not be able to thoroughly understand the prospects of establishing a joint processing system for printing waste. Benefits, therefore must cooperate with national and industry associations to strengthen guidance and promotion, and improve the old concept of traditional printing plants.
China has joined the WTO, and the high environmental requirements of the international environment must enhance the environmental awareness of printing companies. Market competition is not only the quality, price and service of the products, but also the environmental factors of the printing enterprise, the environmental awareness of the employees and the initiative and consciousness of protecting the environment.
7. Printing companies should shift from the method of technically only in the past to the management level, change the way of improving afterwards, and change to preventive measures to minimize the pollution emitted by printing operations and comply with the trend of international environmental protection. The printing company has actively promoted the ISO14001 environmental management system.
8. Universities and research institutes with printing engineering majors in China should strengthen the education and training of printing industry waste treatment research and related professional knowledge, so as to raise the environmental awareness and environmental protection treatment methods of the senior talents of printing professional and technical personnel to a new height.