Current status and development trend of domestic gravure printing equipment
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China's gravure printing equipment manufacturing industry has experienced a rapid development process in recent years, and has made progress worthy of attention. In the next few years, China's gravure printing equipment manufacturing industry will face new development opportunities and challenges.
First, the status quo of domestic gravure printing equipment
1. The number of manufacturers is large, the scale varies greatly, and the regionality is obvious.
According to the latest statistics, there are currently more than 70 gravure press manufacturers in the country (the actual number is larger). Most of them are manufacturers of reel gravure printing machines, among which the main manufacturing plants include Shaanxi Northwest Printing Machinery Co., Ltd., Zhongshan Songde Packaging Machinery Co., Ltd., Handan Light Industry Machinery Industry Co., Ltd., Huaying Flexible Packaging Equipment Factory. Ningbo Xinda Printing Machinery Co., Ltd., etc. There are also a few manufacturers of sheetfed gravure presses, such as Beijing Hao Henry Printing Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Ziming Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Hairun Machinery Co., Ltd., etc.
The size of the gravure printing machine manufacturers varies greatly, ranging from less than 2 million yuan in annual sales to about 200 million yuan in annual sales.
The distribution of gravure printer manufacturers has obvious regional characteristics. 15 in Guangdong (21.4% of the total), 9 in Jiangsu (12.9% of the total), 15 in Shaanxi (21.4% of the total), and 22 in Zhejiang (accounting for 31.4% of the total). There are 2 in Beijing (2.9% of the total), 3 in Shanghai (4.3% of the total), and 1 in Fujian, Yunnan, Shandong, Hubei, etc. (1.4% of the total). It can be seen that the above-mentioned manufacturers are concentrated in the four provinces of Shaanxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang, accounting for 87% of the total number of manufacturers.
In addition, there are a large number of manufacturers of gravure aids and components that are continuously added. These manufacturers offer tension control systems, registration control systems, corrective devices, image viewers, corona treatment devices, ESAs, rubber rollers, die cutting equipment and tools. In general, almost all auxiliary devices on gravure printing equipment are produced domestically.
2. Product application fields continue to expand, product series and specifications are basically matched
The domestic gravure printing machine has a wide range of applications. The most important field is flexible packaging printing. In recent years, the folding carton (such as cigarette packets, pharmaceutical and cosmetic packaging, aseptic packaging) printing, decorative material printing, and carton pre-printing have developed rapidly.
Domestic gravure printing machines are widely used in various printing materials, such as film, paper, aluminum foil and composite materials, and the printing width is from 600 to 2500 mm.
Adapt to different product requirements. The maximum material width of flexible packaging gravure printing machine is 800~1100mm. The proportion of machines in the past two years from 1200 to 1500mm is increasing rapidly; the width of cigarette printing gravure printing machine is 650 and 820mm; the width of aseptic packaging gravure printing machine is generally 1000~ 1300mm; the width of the wood grain paper gravure printing machine is generally 1300 ~ 2100mm; the width of the carton preprinting gravure printing machine is generally 1600 ~ 2500mm.
The number of color printing sets of domestic gravure printing machines are different, 8 to 13 colors of flexible packaging gravure printing machine, 6 to 8 colors of cigarette printing, 6 to 8 colors of aseptic packaging printing, 4 to 6 colors of wood grain paper and carton printing respectively. .
3. Product quality is rapidly improving, but advanced and simple machines coexist
At present, the highest mechanical speed of many domestic gravure printing machines has reached more than 200 m / min. It is particularly noteworthy that Zhongshan Songde and Shaanxi North People introduced concaves with a maximum speed of 300 m/min in 2003 and 2004 respectively. Printing machine.
Some equipment performance is close to and reaches the level of imported equipment. As the function continues to be complete, The degree of automation continues to increase, making the performance price of domestically produced equipment relatively high, and the competitive advantage is increasingly obvious. One of the changes that are taking place is that some of the backbone packaging and printing companies that used imported equipment have begun to switch to domestically produced equipment, and the purchase of domestically produced equipment is a basic direction for future investment.
The adoption of new technologies and systems has significantly shortened the gap with developed countries. For example, from the perspective of mechanical speed, the maximum speed of domestic gravure printing machines only reaches the level of foreign countries in the 70s and 80s, but from the new platform of electronic shaft transmission technology, the gap between domestic gravure printing machines and foreign products is only a few years. . Please see the following schedule:
● In 1997, the world's first electronic shaft gravure press was produced in Italy:
● In 2000, Drupa exhibited the first electronic shaft gravure press;
● In 2002, China introduced electronic shaft gravure printing machine for the first time;
● In 2003, the first electronic shaft gravure printing machine produced in China was born. At present, the total number of domestic electronic shaft gravure printing machines is less than 10.
Many manufacturers have shifted from single product production to system solution development.
Domestic gravure printing machines are the most advanced (modern) and the most original products coexist. We have a gravure press with a price of 20,000-30,000 yuan, and a gravure press with a price of nearly 10 million yuan. The span is not available in other types of printing presses. This situation may also be unique to China.
4. Start to move quickly to the international market
At present, the products of China's gravure printing machine manufacturers are exported to about 30 countries and regions. But currently it is basically limited to Southeast Asia, the Middle East and South America, Russia and other former Soviet countries.
Among the manufacturers of these export products are well-known large factories and small factories that are not known.
In general, the domestic soft-pack gravure printing machine is rapidly replacing imported equipment: the folding carton gravure printing machine is gradually supporting in China; the decorative material gravure printing machine shows at least the same quality as the Korean and Taiwanese equipment; the carton pre-printing gravure printing machine It meets the special needs of the Chinese market and acts as a CI flexo press.
Second, the gaps and problems of domestic gravure printing equipment
First of all, our understanding of gravure printing machines has considerable limitations, and there are even many misunderstandings. The development of domestic gravure printing machines has benefited from the introduction and learning of Japanese technology. However, due to the almost uniform imitation, it has greatly restricted our vision and thinking. For example, it is generally believed that the Asian level represents the international advanced level; The concept of high speed is long-term blurred. There is a widespread phenomenon of blind arrogance in the industry: it is often seen that the gravure printing machine has reached the "international advanced level" product advertisement and results appraisal report; lack of a true understanding of the characteristics of the international advanced level gravure printing machine. The number of color groups, the sleeve plate cylinder structure, and the like are introduced as machine advancements.
Secondly, although the performance of domestic gravure printing machines is constantly improving, there is still a considerable gap with the international advanced level. The reliability of all domestic machines still needs to be improved. At present, there are only two manufacturers that can produce high-speed gravure printing machines (the highest mechanical speed of 300 m / min).
It accounts for 3% of the total. The actual high-speed gravure printing machine accounts for less than 1% of the total output; the production volume is large but the price is low. For example, a flexible packaging gravure press with a top speed of 200 m/min, a width of 1000 mm, and 8 color groups costs between 2.5 million and 3 million yuan, so the price is only 1/3 to 1/5 of the imported equipment. The price of the machine at a speed of 150 m / min is very different, ranging from several hundred thousand yuan to two million yuan. The competition is basically domestic products, which is very confusing.
Third, our corporate strength is still very weak overall. Our manufacturers are only regional suppliers. The proportion of our products is still very small. The export targets are only some countries and regions with relatively backward packaging (70%~80% of the products of the world's leading manufacturers).
At present, the domestic high-end gravure printing machine market has been monopolized by imported equipment and has not been broken. In the fields of publishing, banknotes, stamps, etc., it is still dominated by imported gravure printing machines. At present, the total sales of all gravure printing machine manufacturers in the country is estimated to be between 1.0 and 1.5 billion yuan, which is less than the annual sales of a large foreign manufacturer.
Fourth, the standardization work is seriously lagging behind. Many products have no standards. The old industry standards have actually been abandoned for many years. The study of design theory is almost blank, and education and scientific research lag far behind actual production.
Third, the development trend of domestic gravure printing equipment
The future development of domestic gravure printing machines depends not only on the technical aspects, but more importantly on the development strategy.
All gravure printing machine manufacturers need and will have to be repositioned. Most of the gravure printing machine manufacturers are private enterprises, and many enterprises are satisfied with the current "selling and earning money". How many domestic gravure printing machine manufacturers can survive for a long time? How many can survive to 20, 50 or 100 years?
I have repeatedly suggested on different occasions: domestic gravure machine manufacturers with vision should quickly achieve five major changes:
● Transformation of development goals. We are striving to become an international standard manufacturer by catching up with the advanced level of Asia (mainly Japan) and catching up with the world's advanced level (mainly Europe).
● The transformation of competition strategy. From competing among domestic peers to competing with foreign rivals (reducing “fighting”), from competing with Asian rivals to preparing for competition with European rivals, improving themselves in competition with strong competitors.
● The shift in market focus. From the distribution of all domestic markets to the domestic and international markets, through the export of product technology and the internationalization of the market, quality and efficiency will be improved.
● The shift in sales model. Service will become a more important factor in the future (at least as important as quality and price). Therefore, while sales are internationalized, services should also be internationalized to achieve service and sales integration.
● The transformation of the development concept. The international level of gravure printing machine pursues far more than high speed and multi-color (high-speed gravure printing machine is not equal to high-grade gravure printing machine, high speed is only a feature of high-grade gravure printing machine), more importantly: product design concept Short-term, humanized, and environmentally friendly; personalized, modular, and intelligent product structure.
Domestic gravure printing machine manufacturers have begun to carry out effective strategic and tactical adjustments, effectively preparing domestic companies for internationalization.
Although the speed of development will be affected by various factors, we believe that the domestic gravure printing machine technology will develop rapidly and will mainly present the following eight trends:
1. The electronic shaft transmission is used as the technical platform to realize the comprehensive upgrade of the gravure printing machine.
In the next few years, electronic shaft transmission will remain the most important technical development direction of domestic gravure printing machines. The gravure printing machines for various purposes will adopt electronic shaft transmission.
At present, electronic shaft drive and registration systems are mainly from Japan and Europe, but they can only be used on a small number of domestic gravure presses. The development of domestically produced systems will be the key to the comprehensive upgrade of domestic gravure printing machines. We can optimistically expect that in the next two or three years, the domestic electronic shaft drive and registration system will be put into use, and the situation of coexistence of domestic, Japanese and European systems will appear.
2. The proportion of large format presses will continue to increase.
First, decorative printing (mainly wood grain paper printing) and carton preprinting are growing rapidly. Second, the width of the flexible packaging gravure printing machine is also increasing, and the number of gravure printing machines in large format (including width and printing repeat length) will increase rapidly. These have put forward new requirements for many aspects of machine design, structure, assembly, etc. Many design concepts of the original gravure printing machine must be changed accordingly.
3. Gravure machines adapted to water-based ink printing will be more widely used.
Due to environmental and sanitary reasons, gravure-based inks and varnishes will become more and more popular, requiring gravure presses to be systematically improved in many aspects such as structure, materials, and functions.
4. The proportion of paper gravure presses will increase rapidly and will advance technology advancement first.
Gravure of paper products and paper-based composites (grain paper, cigarettes, aseptic packaging, gift wrapping paper, etc.) will be the fastest growing branch, and the corresponding gravure press will be more complex, as is generally required Pre-press devices such as flattening, dust removal, pre-treatment, etc., sometimes need to use "zero-speed docking" and other mechanisms, and often need to use ESA devices, etc., which are not common in common flexible packaging gravure presses.
5. Machine configuration will be more complicated and personalized. Wire processing will be more diversified, such as UV glazing, die cutting, cross cutting, soft marking, etc., so the corresponding gravure management system and remote technical support system will be adopted more and more.
6. Modularity will become the basic method of design and manufacturing. Due to the increasing complexity of specifications, functions and configurations, the so-called standard models such as the factory's predetermined width, number of color sets, diameter of the discharge roll, and dry heat source will no longer exist. In order to meet the needs of individualization, all parts from unwinding, printing, wire processing, winding, etc. will be modularized, the most important of which will be gravure trolleys or gravure and flexo interchangeable trolleys. .
7. More international (outside) standards will be adopted and domestic and international certification will be adopted. European standards, after the necessary certification, such as CE certification, in order to smoothly enter the international market. More exports, more foreign printing companies entering China will put more stringent requirements on domestic gravure printing machines.
8. The gravure printing machine factory will be more closely and coordinated with the supporting manufacturers. The key components and systems of the gravure press will evolve in two different directions: one is to use more imported components; the other is to continue to localize. More joint ventures and wholly-owned enterprise products can be used: such as sleeve type impression cylinders, inflatable shafts, etc. For high-end users and export gravure presses, the proportion of products selected for Europe will increase significantly. Registration control systems, ESA, etc. will have more European products. These will strongly promote the common progress of gravure printer manufacturers and supporting manufacturers.